赤磷基发烟剂的热分解及稳定性研究（英文）  

Thermal Decomposition and Stability of Red Phosphorus Smoke Agent with Different Oxidants

作　　者：单聪明 刘杰[1] 朱顺官[1] 张琳[1] SHAN Congming;LIU Jie;ZHU Shunguan;ZHANG Lin(School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing,210094)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《爆破器材》2018年第4期1-9,共9页Explosive Materials

摘　　要：采用热重-差热(TG-DTA)分析方法在空气气氛中对赤磷(RP)、硝酸钾KNO_3、硝酸钡Ba(NO_3)2、二氧化锰MnO_2、氧化铁Fe_2O_3、高锰酸钾KMnO 4及其混合物的热分解行为进行研究。所得结果如下:赤磷与KNO_3、Ba(NO_3)_2、MnO_2、Fe_2O_3、KMnO_4构成混合物的反应温度区间分别为399.5～469.8℃、445.7～471.6℃、409.8～479.3℃、419.8～466.5℃、396.2～467.4℃。同时,根据不同升温速率下赤磷与不同氧化剂组成的混合物的热分析结果,计算得到各混合物的自加速分解温度(Te0),临界点火温度(Tb)、活化能(E)、活化熵(△S#)、活化焓(△H#)以及活化吉布斯自由能(△G#)等重要参数。另外,对赤磷与不同氧化剂组成混合物的摩擦感度和吸湿性也进行了研究,根据这些结果发现最适合与赤磷组配的氧化剂为Ba(NO_3)2、MnO_2和Fe_2O_3。Thermal behaviors of red phosphorus（ RP） and its mixtures with oxidants,such as KNO3,Ba（NO3）2,MnO2,Fe2O3,and KMnO 4,were studied experimentally using differential thermal analysis（ DTA） and thermogravimetry（ TG） methods in air atmosphere. Oxidation temperature of RP and decomposition temperatures of oxidants mentioned above were obtained. For the KNO3＋ RP ＋ Teflon,Ba（ NO3）2＋ RP ＋ Teflon,MnO2＋ RP ＋ Teflon,Fe2O3＋ RP ＋ Teflon,and KMnO4＋ RP ＋ Teflon pyrotechnic systems,chemical reaction happen within the range of 399. 5-469. 8 ℃,445. 7-471. 6℃,409. 8-479. 3 ℃,419. 8-466. 5 ℃ and 396. 2-467. 4 ℃,respectively. Self-accelerating decomposition temperature（ Te0）,critical ignition temperature（ Tb）,apparent activation energy（ E）,△S#,△H#,and △G#of the pyrotechnic mixtures were measured according to DTA-TG experiments. Furthermore,friction sensitivity and property of hygroscopicity of pyrotechnic mixtures were examined. Based on these data,appropriate oxidants in red phosphorus smoke agent,which are Ba（ NO3）2,MnO2 and Fe2O3,can be selected.

关 键 词：赤磷发烟剂 点火温度 动力学参数 赤磷 

分 类 号：TQ567[化学工程—炸药化工]