中国的金鸡神话与鸡文化  

Chinese Legend of Golden Chicken and the Chicken Culture

作　　者：龙耀宏[1] LONG Yaohong

机构地区：[1]贵州民族大学

出　　处：《贵州民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第2期32-54,共23页Journal of Guizhou Minzu University:Philosophy and Social Science

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"侗族鸡卦文献的搜集整理研究"[项目编号:13XMZ041]

摘　　要：在中国的十二生肖动物中,鸡是唯一的飞禽。在古代,鸡鸣为一日之始,鸡日为一年之始。在众多的民俗文化事项中,雄鸡是被用得最多的动物。中国古代把雄鸡称之为"灵禽""翰音""烛夜""重鸣鸟""戴丹",可见鸡在中国历史文化上的地位之高。人类自古以来就崇拜太阳的光明,但太阳距离人类史那样的遥远,然而人们发现了雄鸡与太阳的秘密关系,在中国的金鸡神话中,金鸡是唯一能够呼唤太阳运转,昼夜轮回的动物,就这样人们对太阳的崇拜转变为对金鸡的崇拜,从而衍生出了一系列的鸡文化。Of the 12 Chinese zodiac animals,chicken is the only poultry that can fly. In ancient times the rooster＇s cackling was the beginning of a day,and the rooster day was the start of a year. In many folk cultural events the male chicken（rooster） was most widely used. In ancient China,rooster was called＂soul-carrying poultry＂,＂good voice＂,＂candle night＂,＂echoing bird ＂,and＂crown wearer＂. Obviously,rooster enjoyed a high cultural position in Chinese history. As we know,the sun has been the object of worship since ancient times,but because of the big distance between it and human beings,the mysterious relationship between rooster and the sun was imagined. In Chinese legend the golden chicken is the only animal that could call for the movement of the sun and the cycle of day and night. As such the worship of the sun becomes that of rooster,and accordingly the chicken culture comes to light.

关 键 词：金鸡神话 太阳崇拜 鸡文化 

分 类 号：K892[历史地理—民俗学]