中药材附子套作水稻对土壤性状及附子产量的影响  

Effects of Relay Intercropping of Chinese Herbal Medicine Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux and Rice on Soil Properties and Aconite Yield

作　　者：任品安 黄晶[1] 陈鑫[1] 余马[1] 侯大斌[1] REN Pin-an;HUANG Jing;CHEN Xin;YU Ma;HOU Da-bin(School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2018年第3期286-291,共6页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技厅科技支撑计划(2015NZ0083);四川省中医药管理局中医药科学技术研究专项(2016Q070)

摘　　要：【目的】为明确附子传统栽培模式连作障碍的原因,探究附子/水稻新模式的土壤生态及产量效益。【方法】通过典型地块调查,测定比较附子/水稻与传统的附子/旱地作物两种种植模式下土壤性状、微生物群落结构及附子产量。【结果】相较于附子/旱地作物模式,附子/水稻模式显著提高了土壤p H值以及土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、有效钾的含量(P<0.05);附子/水稻模式下附子根际土壤微生物磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)总量以及细菌、原生动物、放线菌、革兰氏阳性菌(G+)、革兰氏阴性菌(G-)的PLFA含量均显著高于附子/旱地作物模式(P<0.05);附子/水稻模式下细菌PLFA与真菌PLFA的比值显著高于附子/旱地作物模式(P<0.05);附子/水稻模式显著提高了附子产量(P<0.05)。【结论】附子/水稻模式对土壤酸化有一定的缓解作用,能提高土壤肥力,增加附子根际土壤微生物总量、改善微生物群落结构,对增加附子的产量、缓解附子连作障碍具有重要意义。【Objective】 This study aims to clarify the cause of obstacles to continuous conventional cultivation with Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux,and to explore the soil ecology and yield benefits of the new cropping pattern of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice relay intercropping.【Method】Through the investigation of typical plots,soil properties,soil microbial community structure and the aconite yield of the two cropping partterns were measured and compared,i.e.,Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice intercropping and conventional Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/dryland crop intercropping. 【Result】The results illustrated that compared with the Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/dryland crop intercropping,Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice intercropping significantly increased soil p H and content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen and available potassium（P〈0.05）.Using Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice intercropping,the total amount of aconite root soil microbial phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA）,the PLFA content of bacteria,protozoa,actinomycetes,gram positive bacteria（G＋） and gram negative bacteria（G-） were significantly higher than when Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/dryland crop intercropping was used（P〈0.05）;Using Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice intercropping,the ratio of bacterial PLFA to fungal PLFA were significantly higher than when Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/dryland crop intercropping was used（P〈0.05）;and Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice intercropping significantly increased the yield of aconite（P〈0.05）.【Conclusion】The results show that Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux/rice intercropping could help to alleviate soil acidification,improve soil fertility,increase microbial numbers in aconite root soil,improve the microbial community structure and be important in increasing the aconite yield and reducing obstacles of continuous cultivation.

关 键 词：附子 套作 土壤性状 根际土壤微生物 磷脂脂肪酸 产量 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学] S567.9[医药卫生—中医学]