库尔勒香梨气候品质评价指标及模型的研究  

Research on Evaluation Index and Model of the Climatological Quality for the Korla Fragrant Pear

作　　者：黄娟 李新建 吴新国[3] 王雪姣 张仕明 范金霞[3] HUANG Juan;LI Xinjian;WU Xinguo;WANG Xuejiao;ZHANG Shiming;FAN Jinxia(Xinjiang Agrometeorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China;Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Korla Meteorological Bureau,Korla 841000,China;Bazhou Meteorological Bureau,Korla 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区农业气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]库尔勒市气象局,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]巴州气象局,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2018年第3期87-94,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划"干旱半干旱区生态系统和水资源脆弱性评估及风险预估"课题(2012CB956204);中亚大气科学研究基金(CASS201819);新疆气象局面上项目(MS201520)共同资助

摘　　要：以库尔勒市哈拉苏园艺场、上户镇园艺场、沙依东园艺场、库尔楚园艺场为研究点,对2013—2016年各生育期的香梨进行抽样调查,统计分析品质与气象因子、人工管理、气象灾害程度等因素的关系,建立库尔勒香梨果实气候品质评价指标及模型。结果表明:(1)单果质量的主要影响因子是5月平均气温日较差和平均相对湿度;果形指数的主要影响因子是5月日平均气温和9月平均相对湿度;果实硬度的主要影响因子是6—7月平均气温和8月平均气温日较差;可溶性固形物的主要影响因子是7月的平均气温日较差和平均相对湿度,8月的日平均气温和相对湿度,9月的日平均最低气温。(2)库尔勒香梨气候品质评价模型由区域适宜性、单果质量、果形指数、果实硬度、可溶性固形物、气象灾害、人工管理共7个因子构成。(3)库尔勒香梨气候品质认证结果划分为特优、优、良好、一般4个等级。(4)2017年样点果园中沙依东园艺场香梨气候品质评价结果为良好,上户镇园艺场为特优,哈拉苏园艺场为优,库尔楚园艺场为良好。A sample survey of the different growth durations was conducted in this study,taking Halasu garden,Shanghu Town garden,Shayidong garden,Kuerchu garden as the experimental units from 2013 to 2016. The relationships between the inner quality and meteorological factors,appearance quality and meteorological factors, manual management, meteorological disaster grade, etc. were analyzed in this study. Regression analysis was used,and the evaluation index and model of the climatological quality for the Korla Fragrant Pear were established in this study. The results showed that：（1） the main factors influencing single fruit weight were daily temperature range and relative humidity in May. The main factors influencing fruit shape index were daily average temperature in May and relative humidity in September. The main factors influencing fruit firmness were mean monthly temperatures from June to July and daily temperature ranges in August. The main factors influencing soluble solid were daily temperature ranges and relative humidity in July,daily temperature ranges and relative humidity in August,daily minimum temperatures in September.（2） Model of the climatological quality for the Korla Fragrant Pear was established by regional suitability evaluation,single fruit weight,fruit shape index,fruit firmness,soluble solid,meteorological disaster and manual management.（3） The results of the climate quality certification of Korla Fragrant Pear were divided into four grades：excellent,good,well and ordinary.（4）According to this classification,the Fragrant pear in Shayidong garden spot and Kuerchu garden spot belonges to well grade,that in Shanghu Town garden spot belongs to excellent grade,and that in Halasu garden spot belongs to good grade.

关 键 词：库尔勒香梨 气候品质 评价 指标 模型 

分 类 号：TS255.36[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] S375[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]