基于本质安全理念的建筑综合防灾技术体系构建  

Construction of technology system for comprehensive disaster prevention of buildings based on intrinsic safety concept

作　　者：张靖岩 朱娟花[3] 韦雅云 张昊 王图亚 秦红蕾[1] ZHANG Jingyan;ZHU Juanhua;WEI Yayun;ZHANG Hao;WANG Tuya;QIN Honglei(China Architectural Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;Disaster Prevention Research Center of the Ministry of Construction,Beijing 100013,China;School of Civil and Resource Engineering,China University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司,北京100013 [2]住房和城乡建设部防灾研究中心,北京100013 [3]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2018年第6期171-176,共6页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2017YFC0702902-01);中国建筑科学研究院有限公司应用技术研究课题(20150111330730049)

摘　　要：为了研究并预防防灾中单灾种分离对综合防灾和资源高效利用的不利影响,提出一套基于建筑本质安全设计理念的建筑综合防灾技术体系。体系分为防灾基础设施设计、防灾廊道空间设计和防灾避难疏散空间设计3个子系统,从"点、线、面"3个方面阐述了建筑综合防灾设计应考虑的问题,体现了防灾研究发展特点,即从单灾种防御向多灾种综合防御转化和从以致灾因子研究和工程防御研究为主向全面降低系统脆弱性研究转化。研究结果表明:该体系可有效避免建筑单灾种防灾过程中资源的浪费。To study and prevent the adverse effect of single disaster separation on the comprehensive disaster prevention and efficient use of resources in the disaster prevention,a set of technology system for the comprehensive disaster prevention of buildings based on the concept of intrinsic safety design for the buildings was proposed. The system was divided into three subsystems,including the design of disaster prevention infrastructure,the design of disaster prevention corridor space,and the design of disaster prevention sheltering and evacuation space. The problems that should be considered in the comprehensive disaster prevention design of buildings were illustrated from three aspects of point,line and plane,which reflected the characteristics of the development of disaster prevention research,namely the conversion from the single disaster defense to multiple disasters comprehensive defense,and the conversion from focusing on the research of disaster factor and engineering defense to the research of the overall reduction of system vulnerability. The results showed that this system can effectively avoid the waste of resources in the process of single disaster prevention of the buildings.

关 键 词：建筑安全 综合防灾 技术体系 本质安全 

分 类 号：X92[环境科学与工程—安全科学]