高温干旱双重胁迫下水稻灌浆结实期的光合生理变化  

Photosynthetic Physiological Changes of Rice in Combined Threat of High Temperature and Drought Stress at Grain-filling Stage

作　　者：高焕晔 宗学凤 吕俊 徐宇 何秀娟 董玉锋 张燕 王三根 GAO Huanye;ZONG Xuefeng;LU Jun;XU Yu;HE Xiujuan;DONG Yufeng;ZHANG Yan;WANG Sangen(College of Tobacco Science,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology/Key Laboratory of Eco-agriculture and Sustainable Development in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院,贵阳550025 [2]西南大学农学与生物科技学院/三峡库区生态农业与可持续发展研究重点实验室,重庆400716

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2018年第2期68-76,共9页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31370349);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC2009BA1006)

摘　　要：本文系统地比较研究了水稻(Oryza sativa L.)在高温、干旱的单一胁迫与双重胁迫间的光合生理差异。结果表明,灌浆结实期高温胁迫、干旱胁迫对水稻叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量的影响达到显著和极显著水平。高温胁迫总体上导致叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量降低。干旱胁迫导致叶绿素a含量的显著增加和叶绿素b含量的显著下降。高温与干旱双重胁迫下叶绿素a与类胡萝卜素含量的下降不明显,而叶绿素b含量则大幅度下降。高温、干旱及高温干旱双重胁迫均能显著降低水稻剑叶净光合速率。胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度、蒸腾速率均表现为高温胁迫、中度干旱胁迫下明显升高,但在重度干旱胁迫下则大幅下降。水稻光合特性对高温干旱双重胁迫的响应变化可为制订水稻育种栽培措施提供重要参考。An experiment was undertaken to investigate the influence of high temperature stress or drought stressalone and the combined stress of both on rice Oryza sativa L. photosynthetic physiology at grain-filling stage.The results show that there is extremely significant change of chlorophyll a b and carotenoid of rice leaf underhigh temperature and drought conditions. High temperature causes a reduction in chlorophyll a and increasing ac-cumulation of chlorophyll b, while carotenoid has no obvious change. Under drought treatment, chlorophyll a andcarotenoid increases significantly, but chlorophyll b significantly decreases in the leaf. Furthermore, the photosyn-thetic rate significantly decreases under high temperature or drought, or the combined stress of both. It is per-ceived that under high temperature and moderate drought, the concentration of intercellular CO2, stomatal con-ductance and transpiration rate are significantly improved, but in severe drought, they decrease significantly. Themechanism of photosynthetic physiological response of rice to the combined high temperature and drought stressis discussed. This provides reference information for rice breeding and cultivation against the stresses.

关 键 词：水稻 高温干旱 灌浆结实期 光合强度 光合色素 

分 类 号：S184[农业科学—农业基础科学]