覆膜+遮阳栽培对夏播花生Al、Mn、Cu的吸收及积累动态的影响  

Effects of Film Mulching with Shading Cultivation on Dynamics of Absorption and Accumulation of Aluminum,Manganese and Copper in Summer Sowing Peanut

作　　者：孟静静[1] 王建国[1] 郭峰[1] 张佳蕾[1] 李新国[1] 万书波[1] 李林[2] Meng Jingjing;Wang Jlanguo;Guo Feng;Zhang Jialei;Li Xinguo;Wan Shubo;Li Lin(Biotechnology Research Center,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心,山东济南250100 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2018年第6期125-129,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31601252;31571605);国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD11B04);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13)

摘　　要：以"湘花2008"为试验材料,通过大田试验,探究不同栽培方式下夏播花生Al、Mn、Cu养分吸收特性和分配规律。结果表明:与露地栽培相比,覆膜+遮阳栽培提高花生不同时期叶和根中Al含量、根中Cu含量,但降低叶、果针中Cu含量,降幅分别为1.20%~17.12%、1.25%~24.95%。花针期、结荚期,覆膜+遮阳栽培降低茎、果针、荚果中Mn和Al含量,而结荚之后茎中的Cu含量降低0.35~0.67 mg/kg。覆膜+遮阳处理有利于花生促进对Al、Mn、Cu的吸收、积累,但不同元素在不同生育阶段积累规律存在差异。覆膜+遮阳栽培显著提高苗期植株Al和Cu的积累量(P<0.05);成熟期显著提高Mn和Cu的积累量,分别提高23.34%、13.29%。随生育进程的递进,Al和Cu的分配中心逐渐向生殖器官转移,而Mn的分配中心一直在营养器官。从开花到成熟,覆膜+遮阳处理提高了叶、根的Al和Mn分配系数,但降低果针的Al、Mn、Cu分配系数。Using Xianghua 2008 as the experimental material,the characteristics of nutrient uptake and distribution of Al,Mn and Cu in summer sowing peanut under different cultivation methods were explored through field experiments.Compared with open field cultivation,the film mulching with shading cultivation in-creased the contents of Al and Cu in peanut leaves and roots at different stages,but decreased Cu content in leaves and fruit needles by 1.20%～17.12%and 1.25%～24.95%,respectively.From the pod-pin stage to pod setting stage,the filming and shading cultivation reduced the contents of Mn and Al in stems,fruits, and pods,while Cu content in stems decreased 0.35 ～0.67 mg/kg at the later stage.The filming and shading cultivation was conducive to promoting absorption and accumulation of Al,Mn,Cu in peanut,but the accu-mulation of different elements in different growth stages had different rules.The filming and shading cultivation significantly increased the accumulation of Al and Cu in the seedling stage （P〈0.05 ）;during the mature stage,the accumulation of Mn and Cu increased significantly,which increased by 23.34%and 13.29%,re- spectively.As the reproductive process progressed,the distribution centers of Al and Cu were gradually trans-ferred to the reproductive organs,and the distribution center of Mn was always in the vegetative organs.From flowering to maturity,filming and shading cultivation increased the distribution coefficients of Al and Mn in leaves and roots,but decreased the distribution coefficients of Al,Mn and Cu in fruit needles.

关 键 词：花生 覆膜+遮阳 铝 锰 铜 积累 分配系数 

分 类 号：S565.204.4[农业科学—作物学]