温室害虫对春播芝麻的危害与防治  

Damage and Control of Greenhouse Pests on Spring Sowing Sesame

作　　者：桑利民 徐桂真[2] 郭元章[2] 徐婧[2] 蹇家利[2] 王殿清[3] 张桂芳 吴宝军 李树军 康志凯 SANG Li-min;XU Gui-zhen;GUO Yuan-zhang;XU Jing;JIAN Jia-li;WANG Dian-qing;ZHANG Gui-fang(Chengde Acadmy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Chengde 067000,China;Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050035,China;Agricultural Technology Promotion Center in Hohhot,Hohhot 010051,China;Agricultural Technology Promotion Station of Jining District,Ulanqab 012000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省承德市农林科学院,河北承德067000 [2]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北石家庄050035 [3]内蒙古呼和浩特市农业技术推广中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [4]内蒙古乌兰察布市集宁区农业技术推广站,内蒙古乌兰察布012000 [5]河北省承德市双滦区陈栅子乡政府

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2018年第6期52-55,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代芝麻产业技术体系建设专项资助项目(CARS-14-2-01);抗枯萎病芝麻种质资源创新与适宜机收芝麻新品种选育资助项目(F17R03)

摘　　要：为有效防治温室害虫,降低对芝麻春播的危害,对2017年承德双滦区温室蔬菜区春播芝麻虫害的发生规律进行观测。结果表明:对春播芝麻产生危害的温室害虫种类多,主要有白粉虱和根结线虫;白粉虱对春播芝麻整个营养生长阶段持续产生危害,根结线虫对春播芝麻中前期危害严重,致死率达100%;白粉虱和根结线虫的防治需要农业措施、物理措施、化学措施综合进行,其中白粉虱的化学防治需要多次进行。温室害虫对春播芝麻危害总体表现为种类多,危害重,防治难,其中,根结线虫对芝麻的危害在国内尚属首次发现。本文揭示了春播芝麻白粉虱及根结线虫的发生规律,对生产实践中行之有效的一些防治措施进行总结,以期为春播芝麻科研和生产提供参考。In order to effectively control greenhouse pests and reduce the damage to sesame spring planting,we observed the occurrence regularity of sesame infestation in greenhouse vegetables in the Shuangluan District of Chengde City in2017.The results showed that there were many kinds of greenhouse pests harmful to the spring sowing sesame,mainly including whitefly and root-knot nematode.The whitefly continued to be harmful to the whole vegetative growth stage of spring sowing sesame,and the root-knot nematodes were serious in the early stage of spring sowing sesame,with a fatality rate of 100%.The prevention and control of whitefly and root-knot nematode needed the combination of agricultural measures,physical measures,and chemical measures,and the chemical control of whiteflies need to be carried out for several times.Greenhouse pests on the spring sesame damage overall performance were as follows：various,serious,difficult prevention and treatment.In this study,the root-knot nematode sesame damage was the first time found in China.This article revealed the occurrence of spring sesame whitefly and root-knot nematodes,and summarized some effective prevention and control measures in the production practice,in order to provide reference for the research and production of spring sowing sesame.

关 键 词：温室害虫 春播芝麻 白粉虱 根结线虫 

分 类 号：S435.653[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]