Ⅰ类AP初始缺陷对丁羟推进剂力学性能的影响  

Effect of Initial Defect of TypeⅠAP on the Mechanical Properties of HTPB Propellant

作　　者：刘晋湘[1] 梁蓓[1,2] 朱立勋 张宁[1] 闫卓 LIU Jin-xiang;LIANG Bei;ZHU Li-xun;ZHANG Ning;YAN Zhuo(Xi′an North Huian Chemical Industries Co.Ltd.,Xi′an 710302,China;School of Materials Scienceand Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]西安北方惠安化学工业有限公司,陕西西安710302 [2]北京理工大学材料学院,北京100081 [3]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2018年第3期273-277,共5页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.51506093)

摘　　要：分别以两种Ⅰ类高氯酸铵(AP)为氧化剂,采用立式混合及真空喷淋浇注工艺制备了两种丁羟推进剂(HTPB);采用扫描电镜(SEM)研究了AP的微观形貌及HTPB推进剂的拉伸断面;探讨了推进剂在拉伸过程中的破坏机理;考察了不同形貌的AP在常温(20℃)和低温(-40℃)下对HTPB推进剂单向拉伸力学性能的影响。结果表明,有初始微观形貌缺陷的Ⅰ类AP局部有微裂纹或明显的突出点,且该类AP所制备的推进剂"脱湿"现象严重;拉伸断面出现AP的穿晶断裂现象,使得推进剂在常温(20℃)下的抗拉强度由0.99MPa降至0.88MPa,延伸率由48.2%降至36.6%;低温(-40℃)下的抗拉强度由2.86MPa降至2.32MPa,延伸率由62.5%降至23.5%。Two kinds of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene（HTPB） propellants were prepared by vertical mixing and vacuum spraying cast technology using type I ammonium perchlorate （AP） as oxidant. The micromorphology of type I AP and the tensile fracture surface of HTPB propellants were studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The damage mechanism of the propellant in the stretching process was discussed and the effects of AP with different morphology on the uniaxial tensile mechanical properties of HTPB propellant were investigated at room temperature （20℃） and low temperature （-40℃）. The results show that the type I AP with initial micromorphology defects has microcracks or obvious protrusion points, and the ＂filler dewetting＂ phenomenon of propellant prepared by this kind of AP is serious. The transgranular fracture phenomenon of AP occurs on tensile fracture surface. Thus, at room temperature （20℃）, the tensile strength of propellant is reduced from 0.99 MPa to 0.88 MPa and the elongation is reduced from 48.2% to 36.6%, and at low temperature （-40℃） ,the tensile strength is reduced from 2.86 MPa to 2.32 MPa and the elongation is reduced from 62.5% to 23.5%.

关 键 词：丁羟推进剂 HTPB 高氯酸铵(AP) 穿晶断裂 力学性能 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]