社会保障支出地区差异与老龄人口生活质量  被引量:6

Regional Differences in Social Security Expenditure and Quality of Life of the Aged

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作  者:刘欢[1] Liu Huan(Center for social security studies of Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 43007)

机构地区:[1]武汉大学社会保障研究中心

出  处:《宏观质量研究》2018年第2期73-86,共14页Journal of Macro-quality Research

基  金:国家教育部基地重大项目(16JJD840009)资助

摘  要:财政社会保障支出对老龄人口生活质量有着重要影响,合理的支出结构对不同老龄人口晚年生活有着积极的意义,也是实现精准养老政策实施的关键。基于社会保障支出省际及市际差异的不同影响路径及主要传递机制的现实,以财政社会保障支出结构的理论和实证支撑为出发点,进而实现和优化财政社会保障支出对老龄人口的生活影响。基于中国健康与养老调查数据库,通过省级及市级相关宏观数据的匹配,采用有序logit模型检验了社会保障支出对老龄人口生活质量的影响及地区差异的不同效应。研究发现:社会保障支出、财政社会救助支出有利于提升老龄人口生活质量。地区差异上,省际社会保障支出显著正向促进了老龄人口的生活质量提升,其中,社会救助支出的省际差异对老龄人口生活质量存在负向拉低作用;市际差异上,因我国各市级地区大多实行了社会保障县级及市级统筹,进而各变量支出差异对老龄人口生活质量影响并不显著,社会救助市际支出差异对老龄人口生活质量存在负向拉低作用,但其地区差异效应较小。鉴于此,公共财政政策方面需要优化社会保障支出规模和结构,发挥社会救助支出对低收入老龄人口的较好保障作用,尽快实现基本养老保险的全国统筹,发挥养老保险全国统筹对老龄人口生活质量的正向作用。Public expenditures for ageing population has important influence on the quality of life,reasonable expenditure structure of different ageing population in later life is significance,and also is the key to realize accurate pension policy implementation.Based on the social security expenditure difference of different provinces and city influence path,main transmission mechanism,on the fiscal social security expenditure structure of theoretical and empirical support as a starting point,to optimize public expenditures life impact of an ageing population.Based on CHARLS survey database and ordered logit test,through the provincial and municipal relevant macro data matching,examine the social security on the quality of the elderly population life and the different effect of the regional differences.The study finds that social security expenditure and fiscal and social welfare expenditure are beneficial to improve the life quality of the elderly.Regional differences,the provincial social security expenditure significantly positively promote the life quality of the elderly population increase,among them,the provincial difference of social relief spending against older population lower quality of life is the negative effect;The intercity differences,because most Chinese municipal areas for social security at the county level and the city as a whole,and each variable spending differences,there is no significant impact on aging population life quality,social assistance the intercity spending differences of elderly population lower quality of life is the negative effect,but its regional difference effect is smaller.In view of this,public fiscal policy needs to optimize social security expenditure scale and structure,play social relief spending to better guarantee the low-income elderly population,implementation of primary endowment insurance to plan as a whole across the country,as soon as possible to play the national endowment insurance plan as a whole positive role in the quality of life of elderly population.

关 键 词:社会保障支出 地区差异 生活质量 有序logit回归 

分 类 号:C924.2[社会学—人口学] F812.45

 

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