一种模拟发震断层动力特性的隧道地震试验方法  

A Seismic Test Method for Simulating Dynamic Characteristics of Tunnel Crossing Seismogenic Fault

作　　者：胡辉[1] 李冰天 仇文革[1] HU Hui;LI Bingtian;QIU Wenge(Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering,Ministry of Education,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《隧道建设（中英文）》2018年第6期948-953,共6页Tunnel Construction

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51038009);国家自然科学基金项目(51408497);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2682014BR046)

摘　　要：为模拟隧道在发震断层中的近场动力响应和破坏机制,提出一种模拟长大隧道穿越活动断层动力响应的新型模型试验装置,并设计一种通过改变试验平台底部组合弹簧参数来改变模型箱振动特性的试验方法。该试验装置不仅能解决传统试验方法中受迫振动的问题,而且能模拟断层错动引起地层位移由发震断层位置向远端逐渐减小的过程,进而模拟穿越活动断层时长大隧道断层段到非断层段沿纵向的振动特性变化。该方法通过改变组合弹簧中单个弹簧单元的刚度系数和弹簧单元的个数等,可改变试验箱中断层在断层错动发生时的振动频率和错动位移,进而得到振动频率-组合弹簧刚度和错动位移-组合弹簧刚度的回归公式,可通过前期试验得到的回归公式来设置相应的组合弹簧形式,对后续试验中多种不同振动频率和错动位移的试验工况进行模拟。A new model test device for simulating the dynamic response of long and large tunnel crossing active fault is proposed; and a new tunnel seismic test method by changing the vibration characteristics of model box,where the vibration characteristics of model box is decided by changing the parameters of combined spring under device platform bottom,is designed to simulate the dynamic characteristics and failure mechanism of the tunnel crossing seismogenic fault. The new model test device can not only solve the problem of forced vibration in traditional test method,but also can simulate the process of the formation displacement caused by fault dislocation decreasing gradually from the location of seismogenic fault to far end of the model box,and then simulate the longitudinal vibration characteristics from fault section to normal section when long tunnel crosses active fault. The vibration frequency and dislocation displacement of the fault can be changed by changing the stiffness coefficient of single spring and number of spring units,etc.Furthermore,the regression formulas of vibration frequency-combined spring stiffness and dislocation displacementcombined spring stiffness can be obtained. By using the formulas obtained,the different combined spring modes can be obtained; and hence the test conditions of different vibration frequencies and dislocation displacements can be simulated in subsequent experiments.

关 键 词：长大隧道 活动断层 发震断层 模型试验 振动频率 错动位移 

分 类 号：U451.5[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]