HIV/AIDS配偶HIV感染及影响因素分析  

HIV infection and influencing factors in spouses of HIV/AIDS

作　　者：陈海燕[1] 马功燕[1] 陈栋[1] CHEN Hai-yan;MA Gong-yan;CHEN Dong(Department of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control,Lu＇an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lu＇an,Anhui 237000,China)

机构地区：[1]六安市疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防制科,安徽六安237000

出　　处：《预防医学》2018年第7期658-661,666,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的了解艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病患者(HIV/AIDS)配偶的HIV感染情况及影响因素。方法对2000年1月—2016年8月六安市报告的HIV/AIDS病例及其配偶开展人口学和相关行为调查;调查前配偶已感染HIV的双阳家庭,采用Logistic回归模型分析HIV/AIDS配偶感染HIV的影响因素;调查前配偶未感染HIV的单阳家庭,采用前瞻性队列研究,观察至2016年12月31日,其间配偶定期检测HIV抗体。结果共调查HIV/AIDS病例及其配偶各231例,其中配偶感染HIV 47例,感染率为20.35%;HIV/AIDS病例确证时已有45例配偶感染HIV,感染率为19.48%;随访中2例配偶感染HIV,阳转率为0.39/100人年。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,HIV/AIDS病例确证前性行为频次高(≥1次/周OR=6.268,95%CI:2.313~16.985;半个月1次OR=3.760,95%CI:1.268~11.150)、确证时间为2011—2014年(OR=3.079,95%CI:1.209~7.841)是其配偶感染HIV的危险因素;HIV/AIDS病例确证时<25岁(OR=0.042,95%CI:0.004~0.467)和初期病毒载量水平<300拷贝/m L(OR=0.115,95%CI:0.045~0.295)是其配偶感染HIV的保护因素。结论 HIV/AIDS配偶HIV感染与HIV/AIDS病例的确证前性行为频次、确证时间、确证时年龄和初期病毒载量水平有关。Objective To learn the HIV infection status and related factors among spouses of HIV/AIDS. Methods We recruited HIV/AIDS cases diagnosed between January 2000 and August 2016 in Lu＇an and their spouses to collect the demographic information and sexual behavior characteristics. For HIV sero-accordant spouses, we analyzed influencing factors for HIV infection by logistic regression model; while for HIV sero-discordant spouses, we followed up until December 31, 2016 and detected their HIV antibody periodically. Results The HIV infection rate of spouses was 20.35% （47/231） . Forty-five of the spouses had been infected with HIV before our investigation, with a infection rate of 19.48% （45/231） . Two of the spouses developed positive HIV antibody during the follow-up with a positive conversion rate of 0.39/100 person-years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that high frequency of sexual contacts before confirmed as HIV positive （OR/week= 6.268, 95%（31： 2.313-16.985; ORl/half a month=3.760, 95% Cl ： 1.268-11.150） and diagnosis during 2011-2014 （OR=3.079, 95% Cl ： 1.209-7.841） were the risk factors for HIV transmission between couples; under the age of 25 （OR=0.042, 95% CI： 0.004-0.467） when confirmed as HIV positive and early viral load 〈 300 copies/mL （OR=0.115, 95%Cl： 0.045-0.295） were protective factors. Conclusion HIV transmission of spouses is associated with frequency of sexual contacts, time of diagnosis, age when confirmed as HIV positive and early viral load.

关 键 词：艾滋病 艾滋病病毒 配偶 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]