我国集体土地征收与补偿制度之嬗变与未来——兼评《土地管理法(修正案征求意见稿)》  

The Evolution and Future of Eminent Domain and Compensation in China——Comments on Land Administration Law( Amendment Draft for Comment)

作　　者：方涧[1] 沈开举[1] FANG Jian;SHEN Kai-ju(Law School,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001 China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河北法学》2018年第8期121-129,共9页Hebei Law Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目<提高农民在征地过程中土地增值收益分配比例立法研究>(13AFX006);河南省软科学研究项目<新型城镇化中的土地节约集约利用法治保障研究>(172400410384)

摘　　要：为了适应工业化、城镇化和推动农村的改革发展,国土资源部提出了《土地管理法(修正案)(征求意见稿)》对土地征收的要件、土地征收补偿标准等进行全面的修改和完善。应当说,《征求意见稿》具有一定的进步之处,但在土地征收制度的改革上依旧延续了城乡二元土地管理体制,以无限扩大"公共利益"的方式达到法律内部的自洽,并在补偿问题上始终没有寻求市场化的路径。事实上,现行征地制度的主要症结并不在于"公共利益"的概念被"泛化",而是这一征地要件被完全"架空"。改革的方向是征收必须回归公共利益,而非基于公共利益的征收则需要依靠建立城乡统一的建设用地市场进行调节。In order to adapt to industrialization,urbanization,and promote the reform and development of rural areas,the Ministry of Land and Resources has proposed the＂Land Administration Law（ Amendment Draft for Comment） ＂to comprehensively modify and improve the land acquisition requirements and land compensation standards. It should be said that the ＂Amendment ＂ has made some progress.However,in the reform of the land expropriation system：（ i） the urban-rural dual land management system has continued to be used;（ ii） to achieve ＂selfinterestedness within the law＂by means of unlimited expansion of ＂public interest＂;（ iii） no market-oriented approach to compensation. In fact,the main problem of the current land requisition system is not the concept of ＂public interest ＂ has been＂generalized＂,but this requirement for land requisition is completely ＂ignored＂.The direction of reform is that expropriation must be based on the public interest,otherwise,it needs to rely on the establishment of a unified urban and rural construction land market to adjust.

关 键 词：土地征收 土地征收补偿 制度 改革 土地管理法修改 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学]