微量元素制剂提高厌氧产甲烷活性的研究  

Improving Anaerobic Methanogenic Activities by Adding of Trace Element Preparation

作　　者：乔玮[1,2] 毕少杰 齐向阳 苏敏[1] 董仁杰[1,2,3] QIAO Wei;BI Shao-jie;QI Xiang-yang;SU Min;DONG Ren-jie(College of Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;R＆D Center for Efficient Production and Comprehensive Utilization of Biobased Gase-ous Fuels,Energy Authority,National Development and Reform Committee（BGFeuls）,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Yantal,China Agricultural University,Yantal 264670,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学工学院,北京100083 [2]国家能源生物燃气高效制备及综合利用技术研发(实验)中心(中国农业大学),北京100083 [3]中国农业大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264670

出　　处：《中国沼气》2018年第3期9-15,共7页China Biogas

基　　金：十二五科技支撑计划(2015BAD21B04);北京市科技计划课题(D1611000016003;D1611000016001);山东省重点研发课题(2016ZDJS11A07)

摘　　要：文章针对北京郊区4座农业沼气工程原料(鸡粪、牛粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆)和厌氧污泥中微量元素质量浓度不足的问题,制定了微量元素制剂,并从原料产气动力学和厌氧污泥产甲烷活性两个方面评估添加微量元素制剂对沼气工程发酵效率的影响。研究表明:向原料中添加微量元素制剂后,鸡粪、牛粪和猪粪的甲烷产率分别提高了11.2%,24.3%和10.4%。采用一级动力学模型和两阶段模型对各原料甲烷发酵产气动力学进行拟合。一级动力学拟合结果显示添加微量元素制剂后玉米秸秆由一阶段产气(K为0.12 d-1)变为二阶段产气,K1和K2分别为0.18和0.08 d-1,产气速率明显提高。二阶段模型拟合结果表明添加微量元素制剂可以提高牛粪和玉米秸秆的产甲烷速率。向厌氧污泥中添加微量元素制剂后,鸡粪、猪粪和玉米秸秆沼气工程厌氧污泥的比产甲烷活性均有提高,玉米秸秆沼气工程厌氧污泥活性提高效果最明显,为8.6%。因此,添加微量元素制剂总体上可以提高原料的甲烷产率,增强厌氧污泥的产甲烷活性。In this paper,trace element preparation was formulated aiming at solving the trace element shortage problems for four kind of agricultural biogas projects with chicken manure,cow manure,pig manure and corn straw as raw materials respectively in suburb of Beijing. The effects of adding trace element preparation on the fermentation efficiency of biogas projects were evaluated from two aspects： biogas production kinetics of raw materials,and the specific methanogenic activity of anaerobic sludge. The results showed that,after adding trace elements to the raw materials,the methane production rate of chicken manure,cow manure and pig manure increased by 11. 2%,24. 3% and 10. 4%,respectively. The first order kinetic model and two-stage model were used to fit the biogas production of the materials. The results showed that,after adding trace elements,the corn straw methane production model changed from one stage production model,with a K of 0.12 d-1,to two stage production models with a K1 of 0. 18 d-1 and K2 of 0. 08 d-1,which indicated that the methane production rate of corn straw was obviously improved. The fitting results of the two-stage model showed that adding trace element could improve the biogas production rate of cow manure and corn straw. Furthermore,when adding of trace element to the anaerobic sludge,the specific methanogenic activity of the sludge were all improved in chicken manure,pig manure and corn straw biogas projects,and that was most obvious for corn straw project,which increased by 8. 6%.

关 键 词：微量元素制剂 比产甲烷活性 鸡粪 牛粪 猪粪 玉米秸秆 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X71[农业科学—农业工程]