存储时间和固体含量对水泡粪甲烷发酵性能的影响  

Effects of Storing Time and Total Solid Concentration on the Methane Fermentation Performance of Deep-pit Swine Manure

作　　者：张永[1] 孙振举 刘冬梅[1] 李建政[1] ZHANG Yong;SUN Zhen-ju;LIU Dong-mei;LI Jian-zheng(State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,Cbina)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中国沼气》2018年第3期33-38,共6页China Biogas

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2013ZX07201007)

摘　　要：在规模化养猪场中,生猪的转栏和出栏使猪舍储粪池水泡粪的存储与排放具有周期性,而季节性用水量的差异还会导致水泡粪总固体物(TS)含量的显著变化,影响其后续甲烷发酵的效能。文章利用静态发酵试验,对比研究了存储时间(14 d,28 d)和TS(3%,5%和7%)对水泡粪甲烷发酵性能的影响。结果表明,较长的存储时间和较低的TS可使水泡粪甲烷发酵的产甲烷效能和污染物去除性能更佳,而存储时间的影响要显著大于TS的影响。对于存储时间为28 d,TS为3%的水泡粪,其累积甲烷产量和比产甲烷速率分别可达3.02 L·L-1和0.13L·L-1d-1,溶解性COD和挥发性固体物的去除率分别达到63%和55%。对于存储时间为14 d的水泡粪,由挥发性脂肪酸积累导致的较低pH值,会严重抑制产氢产乙酸菌群和产甲烷菌群的生长代谢,是限制其甲烷发酵性能的主要因素。In large-scale pig farms,manure and urine are normally collected and stored in deep-pit together with flushing water. The 14 d and 28 d stored pig manure were compared for their effect on biogas fermentation performance. The experiment were carried out adopting batch reactor under TS of 3%,5% and 7% respectively. The results showed that the deeppit manure with longer storing time and lower TS were more feasible for the methane production and pollutant removal. The storing time had more remarkable effect than that of TS concentration. With the storage time of 28 d and the TS concentration of 3%,the accumulative methane yield and specific methane production rate of deep-pit manure were 3. 02 L·L-1 and0. 13 L·L-1 d-1,respectively,with a soluble COD removal of 66% and a volatile solid removal of 55%. For the manure with storage time of 14 d,the pH was less than 6. 5 due to the accumulation of volatile fatty acids,and so inhibited the hydrogen-producing acetogens and methanogens.

关 键 词：水泡粪 存储时间 固体物含量 甲烷发酵 污染物去除 

分 类 号：S216.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程] X713[农业科学—农业工程]