断裂剪切带中的纳米结构与成矿作用  

Nano Texture and Mineralization in Fault Shear Zones

作　　者：孙岩[1] 陆现彩[1] 琚宜文 SUN Yan;LU Xiancai;JU Yiwen(State Key Laboratol7 for Mineral Deposits Researeh,Sehool of Earth Selenees and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China;Sehool of Earth Selenees,Uralversity of Chinese Aeademy of Selenees,Beljlng 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,南京大学地球科学与工程学院,南京210023 [2]中国科学院大学地球科学学院,北京100049

出　　处：《高校地质学报》2018年第3期307-324,共18页Geological Journal of China Universities

基　　金：科技部973项目(2012CB416706);国家自然科学基金项目(43530315;41372213)联合资助

摘　　要：纳米科学已涉及从信息学到地学的各个领域,成为这个时代一个标志性的关键词。近十多年来,国内外的纳米地学研究,在实践、理论和实验等诸方面都取得了迅速的进展。该文运用4F (Fact, Formation, Function and Formulation,即事实观察、形成机理、功效作用和计算模拟)研究方法,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对断裂剪切带中的纳米结构与成矿作用进行了样品观察和综合分析。首先,作者表述了岩石剪切面上广泛分布的剪切薄壳(膜)的形成、发育和组成,一般脆性剪切的薄壳厚度(h,毫米—厘米级)要比韧性的剪切薄膜(忽米—毫米级)厚,前者是由动态摩擦粘滑滑移引起的,而后者则是由静态蠕滑滑移造成的,且两者均是由纳米矿物和纳米结构组成的。随之,作者集中探讨了作为研究主体的剪切薄壳(膜)中纳米结构的应变变形和生成演化,它们既具有弹性又有粘性的变形特征而不是单一的力学属性。纳米结构的生成—发育—演化,可依剪切变形过程划分为强化(硬化)—弱化(软化)—脆化(退化)三个变形应变阶段,和相应的纳米涂层—纳米弱化—纳米层裂三种类型纳米作用:(1)纳米涂层是一种最基本的纳米作用,在成熟的断裂剪切(带)中,只要有滑移摩擦存在,就会有纳米结构。这种作用能引起有序的纳米结构和定向结构,包括单体纳米颗粒(通常直径d=40～80 nm)—复体纳米颗粒—多重复体纳米颗粒;纳米粒—纳米线—纳米层;纳米颗粒粒化—异化—再生等。(2)纳米弱化作用是由颗粒粒度减小,瞬时温热,叶理发育和弱势矿物等所致,并可细分为滑动纳米弱化、流变纳米弱化和动力纳米弱化三种类别。(3)纳米层裂作用是一种由动力热作用到静力冷作用诱发的剥离作用,通常沿着纳米结构的劈理面、解理和滑移面开裂。进而,以江西省的金山金矿和广丰滑石矿为例讨�Nowadays nanoscience is pelwasive, touching ahnost every professional field from infornmtion sciences to geosciences, consequently, it has become a buzzword in ore＂ era. Over the past one decade, studies of nanogeosciences has all obtained rapid progression on practice, theolT and experiment at home and abroad. In this article, applying research methods of the 4F （Fact, Formation,Function and Formulation）, the authors carried out specimen obsmwation and synthetic for nanotexture and mineralization under scanning electron microscope （SEM） and transmitting electron microscope （TEl）. The authors firstly described a formation, development and composition of shear shell （fihn）, which widespreadly contribute on shear slip surfaces, in general, a brittle shear thin shell is thicker （h, thickness reaching mm-cnl gx＇ade） than a ductile fihn （h, mum-ram gx＇ade）. The former is caused by a kinetic fi＇iction-stick slip sliding, hut the latter is created by a static friction-creep slip sliding, and both of the shell and fihn all consist of nanominerals and nalmtextm＇es. Then, the authors focused one＇s exploration to strain deformation and gx＇owth evolution on the nanotextm＇e and nanoaction of the shear thin shall （film） as regarding research principal part, and they are together with not only elastic feature hut also viscous one rather than single mechanic property. According to developing processes of the shear deformation, gx-owth^evelopment-evolution of the nonotexture can he classified three deformation strain stages, i.e., strengthen （harden）-weaken （soflen）-enbrittlement （degeneration）, and cmwespondlng with three kinds nanoactions, i. e., nanocoating-nanoweakening-nanodelaminating. （1）The nanocoating is a mostly basic nanoaction, and so long as shear slip remains a friction, it must bear the nanocoating in mature fault shearing （zone）. Significantly, it can give rise to order nanotextm＇e and direct fabrication, including individual nanogx＇ain （commonl

关 键 词：断裂剪切带 剪切薄壳 纳米涂层作用 纳米结构 纳米成矿作用 

分 类 号：P578[天文地球—矿物学]