住房产权、公共服务与公众参与——基于制度化与非制度化视角的比较研究  

Homeownership,Public Service and Public Participation:A Comparative Study of Institutionalized and Non-institutionalized Participation

作　　者：孙三百[1] SUN Sanbai(Institute of Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Science)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院经济研究所,邮政编码100836

出　　处：《经济研究》2018年第7期75-88,共14页Economic Research Journal

基　　金：广义虚拟经济研究专项费用项目"住房特征对家庭行为的影响--基于广义虚拟经济视角的实证研究"(GX2014-1026(M));国家自然科学基金青年项目(71503262);中国社会科学院创新工程项目"经济发展新常态下的收入分配研究"的资助

摘　　要：城市经济学相关研究发现,住房产权、公共服务满意度影响公众参与行为。本文在阐述中国住房产权、公共服务供给和户籍制度等独特背景的基础上,首次运用中国微观调查数据研究发现,完全住房产权显著提高城市居民制度化公众参与的概率,共享产权对制度化公众参与无显著影响,而这两类住房产权对城市居民非制度化公众参与都没有显著影响;对公共服务不满意者制度化公众参与的概率更低,而更倾向于选择非制度化公众参与。进一步分析发现,本地户籍居民对公共服务越不满意则越少选择制度化公众参与,即支持"疏离假说";非本地户籍者居民中拥有住房产权且对公共服务不满意者,制度化和非制度化公众参与的概率都更高,支持"负面投票假说"和"住房投票假说"。鉴于住房产权的这种广义虚拟经济属性及其影响的异质性,多渠道增加对流动人口的住房供给和提升公共服务水平可有序扩大公众参与,进而有利于推动经济发展和提高社会平等程度。Summary： Urban economics scholars find that homeownership and public service satisfaction affect public participation. Homeownership mainly affects public participation through three mechanisms. First, homeownership has a ＇＂ lock-in effect＂. Second, homeowners have more motivation to improve their house than renters. Third, homeowners usually stay in the community longer, leading them to pay more attention to the community environment. Similarly, public service satisfaction affects public participation in two different ways. One is the ＂negative voting hypothesis＂. The second is the ＂alienated hypothesis＂. Of course, these two hypotheses are not mutually exclusive. While there is some empirical work on homeownership, public service satisfaction and public participation, most studies focus on developed countries, with few studies considering China＇s special background. However, there are significant differences between China and other countries in public participation and the public service of local government. First, in terms of public participation, there is a residents＇ committee elected by all residents at or above the age of 18 or by representatives of each household. The committee can also be elected by each resident team on behalf of two or three people. In the United States, there are various positions in community elections and community affairs. Second, in terms of public service supply, house property tax is an important source of fiscal revenue for local government in the United States, so homeowners have a motive to vote for government officials who can boost their house prices and improve their local public services. While most local governments in China have no house property tax revenues, the residents＇ committees have six obligations, which include providing public services. The Chinese community residents＇ committees perform many administrative roles and fulfill a series of autonomous functions （Li, 2009）. Of course, even if the election form gives citizens limited op

关 键 词：住房产权 公共服务满意度 本地户籍 公众参与 

分 类 号：F299.23[经济管理—国民经济]