模拟酸雨对‘琯溪蜜柚’叶片抗氧化酶活性和光合作用的影响  

Effects of acid rain on the leaves antioxidase activity and photosynthesis of Citrus Grandis(L.) Osbeck. ‘Guanximiyou' seedlings

作　　者：张琼 陆銮眉 戴清霞 朱丽霞 邹金美 卞阿娜 朱旸 李佳佳 ZHANG Qiong;LU Luanmei;DAI Qingxia;ZHU Lixia;ZOU Jinmei;BIAN Ana;ZHU Yang;LI Jiajia(School of Biological Sciences and Bioteehnology,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou 363000,Fujian,Chin)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学生物科学与技术学院.园林植物生长发育与生态配置校级创新团队,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第7期828-835,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：福建省科技厅自然科学基金青年创新基金(2016J05084);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JA15322;JA14193);漳州市科技局自然基金(ZZ2016J01);闽南师范大学创新团队基金(139904);校级博士科研启动项目(2006L21432)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨酸雨胁迫对‘琯溪蜜柚’叶片抗氧化酶活性和光合作用的影响。【方法】以p H值5.6为对照,采用p H 2.5和p H 4.5模拟酸雨对1 a(年)生‘琯溪蜜柚’进行胁迫,研究酸雨对蜜柚叶片氧化伤害、抗氧化酶系统、气体交换参数和叶片结构的影响。【结果】p H 2.5和p H 4.5模拟酸雨胁迫处理3个月,没有造成叶片可见伤害,叶片上表皮细胞排列整齐紧密,但p H 2.5模拟酸雨胁迫处理显著降低了叶肉中栅栏组织发育;p H 2.5模拟酸雨胁迫处理1 d后,叶片SOD和CAT活性的升高减少O2-和H2O2的积累,降低过氧化伤害,p H 2.5模拟酸雨胁迫处理3 d之后引起叶片膜脂过氧化;p H 4.5模拟酸雨胁迫处理6 d后虽然3种抗氧化系统酶活性显著高于对照,但不足以清除酸雨胁迫引起的活性氧,引起膜脂过氧化;模拟酸雨胁迫处理初期,2种处理均显著抑制光合速率,酸雨处理90 d后,p H 2.5酸雨显著抑制‘琯溪蜜柚’叶片光合速率,推测是由于氧化胁迫、栅栏组织发育等非气孔调节因素引起的,p H 4.5酸雨处理下叶片具有较强自我修复能力,其光合速率没有受到显著抑制。【结论】‘琯溪蜜柚’具有较强的酸雨抗性,p H 4.5中度酸雨胁迫对植株生长影响不显著,p H 2.5重度酸雨胁迫显著抑制叶片光合作用。【Objective】Acid rain has spread out from Europe beginning in the late 1950 s. The contaminated regions have expanded from North America and Western Europe to developing countries, especially India and China. Acid rain may do harm to plants through changing their p H balance, increasing the leaching loss of nutrient elements, causing the destruction of leaf anatomy, and so on. Citrus grandis（L.） Osbeck.‘Guanximiyou＇is a Rutaceae Citrus evergreen tree fruit whose pomelo is very delicious and nutritious and is an unusual species in Fujian Province. Fujian Province lies in the southeast of the China acid rain area and the pollution by acid rain is the main crisis of the pomelo industry. The majority of research on pomelo focused on the genetic quality, the fresh keeping techniques and the ecological planting mode, and so on. The study of the physiological ecology of the pomelo was given less emphasis. This study focuses on the foliar damage, antioxidant enzyme activity, gas exchange parameters and the leaves anatomical characteristics of Citrus grandis（L.） Osbeck.‘Guanximiyou＇1-year seedlings under acid rain treatment（p H 5.6, p H 4.5 and p H 2.5）.【Methods】Healthy 1-year seedlings of C. grandis（L.） Osbeck.‘Guanximiyou＇were planted in plastic pots with yellowish red soil in a greenhouse,with average day/night temperatures of 25 ℃/20 ℃ and an average relative humidity of 75%. After two months of growing, three levels of acid rain（p H 5.6, p H 4.5 and p H 2.5） were developed. A completelyrandomized design was applied. Each treatment had fifteen replicates, and a 200 m L acid rain solution was watered every two days. The leaves were harvested at 1, 3, 6 and 12 days after acid rain treatment.The malondialdehyde（MDA）, superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT） and peroxidase（POD） of the leaves were measured with kits. The photosynthesis rate（μmol CO2· m-2· s-1）, stomata conductance（mol H2 O·m-2·s-1）, intercellular CO2 concentration（μmol CO2·mol-1）

关 键 词：'琯溪蜜柚’ 酸雨 抗氧化酶 光合作用 叶片解剖 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]