作物群体质量及其关键调控技术  

The quality of crop population and its key regulation technology

作　　者：魏海燕[1] 凌启鸿[1] 张洪程[1] 郭文善[1] 杨建昌[1] 陈德华[1] 冷锁虎[1] 陆卫平[1] 邢志鹏[1] WEI Haiyan;LING Qihong;ZHANG Hongcheng;GUO Wenshan;YANG Jianchang;CHEN Dehua;LENG Suohu;LU Weiping;XING Zhipeng(College of Agriculture,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,Chin)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2018年第2期1-9,共9页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B03);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300503);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2016344;BE2016351;BE2015340);江苏省三新工程项目[SXGC(2016)321]

摘　　要：综合凝炼了水稻、小麦、棉花、油菜和玉米等作物群体质量指标及其关键调控技术。重点阐述了提高花后群体光合积累量是作物群体质量的核心指标,以及与核心指标紧密相关的库容量、茎蘖成穗率(成铃率等)、适宜LAI及其构成、粒叶比(铃叶比)、单茎(秆)质量、根活量(颖花根活量、棉铃根流量等)等主要群体质量指标。介绍了优化群体质量的"小群体、壮个体、高积累"栽培途径,基本苗计算公式,以及"控制无效低效生长、增加产量形成期生长量"的肥水促控关键技术。此外,介绍了作物群体质量及其关键调控技术研究的思路与方法,并将该成果与当前国内外同类研究和传统栽培进行了综合比较。The quality of crop population and the key regulation of rice, wheat, cotton, rape and maize were briefly summarized in this paper. It was revealed that the increase of post-anthesis photosynthetic accumulation was the core index of improving the quality of crop population. In addition, the sink capacity productive tillers percentage （cotton boll setting percentage）, appropriate LAI and its composition, ratio of grain to leaf （ratio of cotton boll to leaf）, single stem （stalk） weight, and amount of root system activity （spikelet-root activity, cotton boll root activity etc）, etc, which were closely related to that core index were also the main qualitative indices of crop population The cultivation approach of ＂Small groups, strong individuals, high accumulation＂, formula of basic seedling calculation, and the water and fertilizer management of ＂controlling the inefficient growth and increasing biomass growth during yield formation period＂ were introduced in detail. Moreover the ideas and methodology of the quality of crop population and its key regulation were expounded. The main differences between this work and the traditional cultivation were comprehensively compared as well in this paper.

关 键 词：作物 群体质量 调控技术 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]