太湖流域低温室气体排放水稻品种筛选的初步研究  

A primary study on selection of rice cultivars with low cropland greenhouse gases emissions in Taihu area

作　　者：田婷[1] 张青[1] 沈明星[1] 乔中英[1] 施林林[1] 蒋华伟[1] TIAN Ting;ZHANG Qing;SHEN Mingxing;QIAO Zhongying;SHI Linlin;JIANG Huawei(Institute of At（ricultural Sciences in Taihu Area of Jiangsu,Suzhou 215155,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2018年第2期22-28,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(16)1042];苏州市科技计划项目(SYN201528;SNG201643)

摘　　要：为筛选出太湖流域适宜种植的较低温室气体排放的水稻品种,采用静止箱-气相色谱法对该流域20个水稻品种甲烷(CH4)和氧化亚氮(N2O)排放通量进行观测。结果表明:所有供试品种CH4排放通量在抽穗期出现峰值,峰值变化范围为1.16~6.10mg·(m2·h)-1;N2O排放通量在成熟期出现峰值,峰值变化范围为0.19~0.60mg·(m2·h)-1。就温室气体排放强度而言,中粳稻品种中南粳9108的增温潜势为84.07kg·t-1;晚粳稻品种中镇稻18的增温潜势为116.27kg·t-1,苏香粳100的增温潜势为114.30kg·t-1,这3个品种因较高的产量和较低的温室气体排放,具有较高的推广应用价值。Rice variety is an important factor affecting greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions in rice field. The promotion of rice cultivars with low GHG emissions is an important measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. In this study, 20 rice cultivars that are currently widely planted in Taihu area were selected to evaluate their CH4 and N2O emission by the method of static chamber and gas chromatography. The results showed that all the rice cultivars could cause one methane emission peak at the heading stage, the peak ranged from 1.16 to 6.10 mg·（m^2·h）^-1;and one nitrous oxide emission peak at the maturation stage, the peak ranged from 0. 19 to 0.60 mg·（m^2 ·h）^-1. Calculated on the global warming potentials （GWP）, cultivars with high yield and low GHG emissions were Nanjing9108 （GWP was 84.07 kg·t^-1 ） of medium ja ponica rice varieties, and Zhendaol8 （GWP was 116.27 kg·t^-1） and Suxiangjingl00 （GWP was 114.30 kg·t^-1） of late japonica rice varieties.

关 键 词：水稻 太湖流域 温室气体 排放特征 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S161.9