中国地方鸭品种的边际多样性分析  

Marginal diversity analysis of Chinese domestic duck breeds

作　　者：张扬[1] 姚文成 卢立志[2] 王兆山 王维 徐琪[1] 常国斌[1] 陈国宏[1] ZHANG Yang;YAO Wencheng;LU Lizhi;WANG Zhaoshan;WANG Wei;XU Qi;CHANG Guobin;CHEN Guohong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Jiangsu Eco Food Company Limited,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,杭州310021 [3]江苏益客食品有限公司,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2018年第2期87-92,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31601931);江苏省农业三新工程项目[SXGC(2017)296];江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20150439)

摘　　要：为系统评价中国地方鸭品种或遗传资源的遗传多样性,对其进行有效保护,并使保种经费得到最为有效的分配和使用,采用边际多样性方法,并结合STR分型的DNA遗传距离、灭绝概率等对中国21个地方鸭品种或遗传资源的品种贡献率、边际多样性及保护潜力进行分析。结果表明:中山麻鸭、广西小麻鸭、吉安红毛鸭的灭绝概率最高,分别达到0.67、0.59和0.59;临武鸭、金定鸭、高邮鸭的灭绝概率最低,分别为0.15、0.18和0.19;群体现实多样性为7.718 6,500年后群体期望多样性为5.138 4±1.150 2;中国番鸭的边际多样性最大(-2.189 6),占期望多样性的42.61%;广西小麻鸭次之(-0.484 9),占期望多样性的9.44%;金定鸭的边际多样性最小(-0.119 2),占期望多样性的2.32%。番鸭的保护潜力最大(0.612 0),广西小麻鸭次之(0.287 6),金定鸭的保护潜力最小(0.021 0)。该研究计算的保护潜力可为制定中国地方鸭品种或遗传资源的保护顺序提供了理论参考。In order to systematically evaluate and effectively protect the genetic diversity of Chinese domestic duck breeds, and to ensure the most effective allocation and usage of conservation funding, this paper used marginal diversity method, combined with DNA genetic distance of STR typing, and extinction probabilities to analyze the contribution rate, marginal diversity and marginal diversity of 21 Chinese domestic duck breeds or genetic resources. The results showed that the extinction rate of Zhongshan duck, Guangxi duck and Ji＇an duck was 0.67, 0.59, 0.59, and that of Linwu duck, Jingding duck and Gaoyou duck was 0.15, 0.18, 0.19, respectively. Real diversity of populations was 7. 718 6 and the expect diversity of populations after five hundreds years was 5. 138 4＋ 1. 150 2. the marginal diversity of Chinese Muscovy duck was biggest （-2. 189 6）, accounting for 42.61% of the expect diversity, followed by Guangxi duck （-0. 484 9, 9.44%）, and the Jingding duck was smallest （-0. 119 2, 2.32%）. The protection potential of Muscovy duck was biggest （0. 612 0）, followed by Guangxi duck （0. 287 6）, and Jingding duck was smallest （0. 021 0）. This study provide the reference for formulating protection order of Chinese domestic duck breeds or genetic resources.

关 键 词：地方鸭品种 STR分型 边际多样性 保护潜力 

分 类 号：S834.2[农业科学—畜牧学]