Comparison of intestinal microbiota and activities of digestive and immune-related enzymes of sea cucumber A postichopus japonicus in two habitats  

作　　者：WANG Qi ZHANG Xiumei CHEN Muyan LI Wentao ZHANG Peidong 王琦;张秀梅;陈慕雁;李文涛;张沛东(Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology)

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China [2]Laboratory for Marine Fisheries andAquaculture,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266072.China

出　　处：《Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》2018年第3期990-1001,共12页海洋湖沼学报（英文）

基　　金：Supported by the National Special Research Fund for Non-Profi t Marine Sector(No.201305043);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31472257,41576112)

摘　　要：Sea cucumber A postichopus japonicus stock enhancement by releasing hatchery-produced seeds is a management tool used to recover its population under natural environmental conditions. To assess the suitability of releasing sites, we examined the microbiota of the gut contents of A. japonicus from two populations(one in sandy-muddy seagrass beds and one in rocky intertidal reefs) and the microbiota in their surrounding sediments. The activities of digestive and immune-related enzymes in the A. japonicus were also examined. The results indicated that higher bacterial richness and Shannon diversity index were observed in all the seagrass-bed samples. There were significant differences in intestinal and sediment microorganisms between the two habitats, with a 2.87 times higher abundance of Firmicutes in the seagrass bed sediments than that in the reefs. Meanwhile, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were significantly higher abundant in the gut content of A. japonicus from seagrass bed than those from the reefs. In addition, the seagrass-bed samples exhibited a relatively higher abundance of potential probiotics. Principal coordinates analysis and heatmap showed the bacterial communities were classifi ed into two groups corresponding to the two habitat types. Moreover, compared to A. japonicus obtained from rocky intertidal habitat, those obtained from the seagrass bed showed higher lysozyme, superoxide dismutase and protease activities. Our results suggest that bacterial communities present in seagrass beds might enhance the digestive function and immunity of A. japonicus. Therefore, compared with the rocky intertidal reef, seagrass bed seems to be more beneficial for the survival of A. japonicus.Sea cucumber A postichopus japonicus stock enhancement by releasing hatchery-produced seeds is a management tool used to recover its population under natural environmental conditions. To assess the suitability of releasing sites, we examined the microbiota of the gut contents of A. japonicus from two populations（one in sandy-muddy seagrass beds and one in rocky intertidal reefs） and the microbiota in their surrounding sediments. The activities of digestive and immune-related enzymes in the A. japonicus were also examined. The results indicated that higher bacterial richness and Shannon diversity index were observed in all the seagrass-bed samples. There were significant differences in intestinal and sediment microorganisms between the two habitats, with a 2.87 times higher abundance of Firmicutes in the seagrass bed sediments than that in the reefs. Meanwhile, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were significantly higher abundant in the gut content of A. japonicus from seagrass bed than those from the reefs. In addition, the seagrass-bed samples exhibited a relatively higher abundance of potential probiotics. Principal coordinates analysis and heatmap showed the bacterial communities were classifi ed into two groups corresponding to the two habitat types. Moreover, compared to A. japonicus obtained from rocky intertidal habitat, those obtained from the seagrass bed showed higher lysozyme, superoxide dismutase and protease activities. Our results suggest that bacterial communities present in seagrass beds might enhance the digestive function and immunity of A. japonicus. Therefore, compared with the rocky intertidal reef, seagrass bed seems to be more beneficial for the survival of A. japonicus.

关 键 词：Apostichopus japonicus gut content microflora seagrass bed rocky intertidal habitat high throughput sequencing enzyme activity 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖] S828.5[农业科学—水产科学]