马克思对经济思想流派及其历史发展的探索——马克思《巴师夏和凯里》手稿读解  

Marx's Exploration on Schools of Economic Thought and Their Historical Development:The Interpretation of Marx's Bastiat and Carey Manuscripts

作　　者：顾海良[1] Gu Hailiang

机构地区：[1]教育部社会科学委员会

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2018年第3期49-62,共14页Studies on Marxist Theory

摘　　要：在《巴师夏和凯里》手稿的"前言"中,马克思打算通过对巴师夏和凯里经济思想的批判,以经济思想史的论述为主线,展开自己的政治经济学理论体系的阐述。马克思承继他之前对经济思想"学派""流派"研究的基本观点,从历史的、社会的和方法的多视角上梳理和厘清经济学的纷繁复杂的"学派""流派"之间的关系。马克思揭示了以巴师夏和凯里为代表的资产阶级庸俗经济学,把李嘉图的古典经济学当作谬误加以抨击和以社会主义者的经济学为对立面的特定内涵。马克思对凯里关于美国和英国的经济关系论述的错误观点作了批判,对政治经济学关于国家论题研究的主要论题作了阐释,对巴师夏和凯里经济学理论作了比较研究,从"民族环境"上对国家论题研究的方法论要义作了阐释。In the preface of Bastiat and Carey, Marx takes the history of economic thoughts as the main line and interprets his theory of political economics by means of criticizing the economic thoughts of Bastiat and Carey. Marx inherited his previous views on schools of economic thoughts, and clarified the relationship among various of schools from historical and social perspectives. Marx reveals the bourgeois vulgar economics of Bastiat and Carey, which considers David Ricardo＇s classical economics as a fallacy and the opposite of socialist economics. Marx criticizes the mistaken views of Carey on the economic relations between the United States and the United Kingdom, and explains the main viewpoint of the study of the national topic in the political economics. Marx compares the economics theory of Bastiat and Carey, and interpreted the methodology of national topic from the ＂national environment＂.

关 键 词：马克思经济思想 巴师夏 凯里 学派和流派 庸俗经济学 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]