马克思“类本质”思想及其现代意义再释  

Reinterpretation of Marx's Thought on Generic Nature and Its Modern Significance

作　　者：左亚文 Zuo Yawen

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《马克思主义理论学科研究》2018年第3期84-95,共12页Studies on Marxist Theory

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"中国特色社会主义理论体系的逻辑建构研究"(12AKS002)阶段性成果

摘　　要：马克思关于人的"类本质"的思想是在批判继承费尔巴哈的基础上建立起来的。如果说费尔巴哈从所谓"抽象的人"的本质出发揭穿了宗教神圣形象的非神圣基础的话,那么马克思则从"现实的人"出发进一步阐明了非神圣世界自我分裂和异化的本质根源。马克思"类本质"规定具有鲜明的二重性特征,其中具有终极意义的人本学理论存在于对于资本主义的批判和共产主义思想之中。在现代条件下,弘扬其现实批判精神,同时对其所蕴含的一般人本学理论进行具体辨析和重新诠释,这对于促进人的自由全面发展,扬弃自我物化,提升精神境界,实现自我超越,都具有十分重要的现实意义。Marx＇s ideas about human＇s generic nature were established on the basis of critical inheritance of Feuerbach＇s thoughts. If Feuerbach, based on the essence of the so-called ＂abstract man＂, laid bare the unholy basis of religious holy image, Marx further clarified the essential source of self-division and alienation of the unholy world from the perspective of ＂real man＂. The definition made by Marx on the generic nature of man had distinctive duality, among which the humanistic theory with ultimate significance existing in the critique of capitalism and communist ideology. Under modem conditions, carrying forward its critical spirit on reality, analyzing and reinterpreting the general humanism contained in Marx＇s generic nature at the same time has great practical significance for promoting people＇s free and overall development, upholding self-objectification, broadening mental horizons and realizing the self-transcendent.

关 键 词：马克思 费尔巴哈 类本质 人本学 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]