2014—2017年宣城市麻疹和风疹流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of measles and rubella in Xuancheng City from 2014-2017

作　　者：许勇[1] 陈晓龙[2] 戴陈伟 唐俊 何慧 李云峰[2] 张爽 童琳 XU Yong;CHEN Xiao-long;DAI Chen-wei;TANG Jun;HE Hui;LI Yun-feng;ZHANG Shuang;TONG Lin(Institute of Microbiological,Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences,Hefei Anhui,230061;Clinical loboratory,Xuancheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xuancheng Anhui,242000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省医学科学研究院微生物研究所,安徽合肥230061 [2]宣城市疾病预防控制中心检验科,安徽宣城242000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第15期2081-2085,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：安徽省"十三五"医疗卫生重点专科"病原微生物实验室"(皖卫科教[2017]30号);安徽省"十三五"医疗卫生重点培育专科"分子流行病学实验室"(皖卫科教[2017]30号)

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2017年宣城市麻疹和风疹流行特征和规律,为麻疹和风疹的防控提供依据。方法按照WS 296-2008《麻疹诊断标准》和WS 297-2008《风疹诊断标准》对宣城市各医疗机构门诊疑似患者开展麻疹和风疹Ig M抗体检测及核酸检测,运用SPSS 18.0统计软件对数据进行描述分析,并对影响人群感染的因素采用非条件logistic回归分析。结果 2014—2017年,宣城市共确诊麻疹和风疹阳性病例288例和78例,年平均发病率分别为2.78/10万和0.75/10万,其中2015年发病率最高(8.18/10万和2.77/10万),发病主要集中在春夏季,年平均发病率最高的地区分别为广德县和宁国市。影响人群麻疹感染的因素主要是年龄和月份,与性别无关;而影响人群风疹感染的因素主要是性别和年龄。结论 2016—2017年宣城市在麻疹和风疹的防控方面取得了显著进展,但仍不能放松警惕,需重点做好高危地区、高危或重点人群的疫苗接种工作和疾病监测工作。[ Objective ] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and rules of measles and rubella in Xuancheng City from 2014-2017, and provide the basis for the prevention and control of measles and rubella. [Methods] The IgM antibody detection and nucleic acid detection of suspected measles and rubella patients in the medical institutions of Xuancheng were carried out according to WS 296-2008 ＂Diagnostic Criteria for Measles＂ and WS 297-2008 ＂Diagnostic Criteria for Rubella＂, and then the descriptive analysis of data and non-conditional logistic regression analysis of influencing factors were carried out by SPSS 18.0. [Results] A total of 288 measles positive cases and 78 rubella positive cases in Xuancheng from 2014-2017 were confirmed, and the average annual incidence rates were 2.78/lakh and 0.75/lakh, respectively, with the highest incidence in 2015 （8.18/lakh and 2.77/lakh）. The epidemic was higher in spring and summer, and the average annual incidence rate of Guangde and Ningguo were the highest. The main influencing factors of measles were age and month, not sex, while the main influencing factors of rubella were sex and age. [Conclusion] In recent two years, the significant progress has been achieved on the prevention and control of measles and rubella in Xuaneheng. However, it is still important to focus on the work of vaccination and disease surveillance on high-risk or key populations in high-risk areas.

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]