2008—2017年江阴市传染病预警信号的流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of early warning signals for infectious diseases in Jiangyin City from 2008-2017

作　　者：钱程[1] 顾敏华[1] 姚建香[1] 马焰[1] 汤玲[1] 颜雅娟 QIAN Cheng;GU Min-hua;YAO Jian-xiang;MA YaM;TANGLing;YAN Ya-juan(Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangyin Jiangsu,214431,China)

机构地区：[1]江阴市疾病预防控制中心,江苏江阴214431

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第15期2090-2093,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：江苏省预防医学科研项目(Y2015006);无锡市卫计委科研项目(Q201736)

摘　　要：目的对2008—2017年江阴市传染病预警信号的流行病学特征进行分析,为优化和完善传染病自动预警系统提供科学依据。方法查询传染病自动预警信息系统,分年月、疾病种类、预警类型整理2008—2017年江阴市传染病预警信号的资料,利用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2008—2017年江阴市传染病预警信号共计23种2 272次,年平均预警227.20次。预警信号呈双峰分布,分别是4—7月的主峰和11—12月的次峰。预警信号总数排前5位的传染病依次为手足口病、麻疹、其他感染性腹泻病、流行性腮腺炎和痢疾。预警信号中共发现37起疑似事件,阳性率为1.63%。2016年阳性率最高,为5.00%;2013年最低,为0。2008—2017年预警信号的阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=41.85,P<0.01)。预警信号发出后2 h内响应率为91.81%,响应及时率为99.74%。结论 2008—2017年江阴市预警系统运行情况良好,对早期发现传染病异常增多的苗头具有重要意义。但预警信号的及时处理不能被疏忽,这需要提高疫情管理人员的重视程度。[Objective] To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of early warning signals for infectious diseases in Jiangyin City from 2008-2017, and provide scientific evidences for the optimization and improvement of the automatic early warning system for infectious diseases. [Methods] Searching the automatic early warning information system for infectious diseases, the data of early warning signals for infectious diseases in Jiangyin City from 2008-2017 were sorted according to time, disease category and type of early warning signals and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. [Results] A total of 23 categories and 2 272 early warning signals were sent out in Jiangyin during 2008-2017, and the number of the average annual signals was 227.20. The early warning signals had two peaks, which distributed in April to July and November to December respectively. The top five infectious diseases in the number of early warning signals were hand-foot-mouth disease, measles, other infectious diarrhea, mumps and dysentery. Among all early warning signals, 37 suspected events were found, and the positive rate was 1.63%. During the past decade, the positive rate of 2016（5.00%） was the highest while 2013 was the lowest（0）. The difference of positive rate of early warning signals from 2008-2017 were statistically significant （x^2=41.85, P〈0.01 ）. After early warning signals were generated, the response rate within two hours was 91.81% and the timeliness rate was 99.74%. [Conclusion] During 2008-2017, the early warning system for infectious diseases in Jiangyin operates well, which played an important role in the early detection of abnormal increase of infectious diseases. However, the timely management of early warning signals should not be ignored, which required epidemic administrators to pay attention to this issue.

关 键 词：传染病 预警信号 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]