2017年北京市某区公共场所生活热水中嗜肺军团菌污染状况  

Contamination of Legionella pneumophila in hot water in public places of a district of Beijing in 2017

作　　者：张海霞[1] 万博宇[1] 孙晓冰[1] 张美云[1] ZHANG Hai-xia;iVAN Bo-yu;SUN Xiao-bing;ZHANG Mei-yun(Department of Environmental Health,Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100021,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心环境卫生科,北京100021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第15期2118-2120,2126,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2017年北京市某区公共场所生活热水中嗜肺军团菌污染现状,并对不同月生活热水中的嗜肺军团菌指标阳性情况进行初步探讨,为政府预防军团菌病的发生以及实施监督管理提供依据。方法按照GB/T 18204.5-2013《公共场所卫生检验方法第5部分:集中空调通风系统》对生活热水中嗜肺军团菌进行采集和检验。结果 2017年北京市某区公共场所生活热水中嗜肺军团菌的总阳性率为15.00%。其中,住宿场所和游泳场所阳性率分别为13.13%和20.00%,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.618,P>0.05)。嗜肺军团菌检出以Lp 2-14型为主要菌型,占总阳性样品数的75.76%。住宿场所生活热水中Lp-1型和Lp 2-14型占总检出样品的比例分别为38.10%和61.90%。而游泳场所阳性样品全部血清菌型为Lp 2-14型。5—7月生活热水中嗜肺军团菌阳性率逐步增加,7月阳性率达到最高为26.67%。5和6-8月生活热水中检出分别以Lp-1型和Lp 2-14型为主要菌型。结论 2017年北京市某区公共场所生活热水中存在嗜肺军团菌的污染,有一定的健康隐患,应加强对淋浴-热水系统的清洗消毒,防范军团菌病的发生。[Objective] To understand the contamination of Legionella pneumophila （Lp） in hot water in public places of a district in Beijing in 2017, explore the positive rate of Lp hot water in different months, provide scientific basis for government to prevent the legionellosis and supervise Lp contamination efficiently. [Method] On the basis of the Examination methods for public places Part 5： Central air conditioning ventilation system （GB/T 18204.5-2013）, the samples of hot water in public places were collected and examined. [Results] The total positive rate of Lp was 15.00% in hot water in public places of a district in Beijing in 2017. The positive rate of LP in hotels and swimming places was 13.13% and 20.00% respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant （x^2=1.618, P〉0.05）. The predominant serum type of isolated strains was Lp2-14, accounting for 75.76% of total positive samples. In the hot water of hotels, Lp-1 and Lp 2-14 respectively accounted for 38.10% and 61.90% of the total positive samples, while all positive samples of swimming places were Lp2-14 type. The positive rates of Lp gradually increased from May to July, and reached the peak in July（26.67%）. The predominant serum type of isolated strains were Lpl and Lp2-14 in May and June to August, respectively. [Conclusion] There is contamination of Lp in hot water in public places of a district in Beijing in 2017, with certain health risks. It is necessary to strengthen the cleaning and disinfection of shower hot water system to prevent the occurrence of legionellosis.

关 键 词：生活热水中 嗜肺军团菌 公共场所 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]