日本弓背蚁颊下囊微生物的组成及多样性  

Composition and diversity of microbes in the infrabuccal pocket of Camponotus japonicus( Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

作　　者：张凯旋 魏琮[2] 南小宁[1] 王云果[1] 贺虹[1] ZHANG Kai-Xuan;WEI Cong;NAN Xiao-Ning;WANG Yun-Guo;HE Hong(Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Forestry of Shaanxi Province,College of Forestry,Northwest A＆F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;College of Plant Protection,Northwest A＆F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院陕西省林业综合重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2018年第6期686-697,共12页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31070342;31570388);林业公益性行业科研专项(201404302-4)

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在调查日本弓背蚁Camponotus japonicus颊下囊中微生物(放线菌、细菌、真菌)组成、分布规律及细菌的多样性水平,以揭示其可能在蚂蚁食物利用、群体免疫等方面发挥的潜在功能。【方法】综合采用传统的微生物分离培养和Hi Seq高通量测序方法,对在陕西杨凌采集获得的日本弓背蚁工蚁的颊下囊内含物、消化道、体表的微生物进行了分析比较。【结果】采用传统分离培养方法从日本弓背蚁工蚁颊下囊内含物分离到10株放线菌,其中5株为链霉菌属Streptomyces,其平均分离频率达到73.3%~96.7%;分离到7株细菌,其中4株为芽孢杆菌Bacillus,菌株N-B1和N-B4分离频率均达70%以上;分离到3株真菌,其中菌株P-F1(拟威克酵母菌属Wickerhamiella)为优势类群,分离频率达96.7%。从嗉囊、中肠及体表中分离到的菌株均可在颊下囊中发现,从颊下囊中分离到的菌株种类和菌落数量明显高于体表、嗉囊和中肠。Hi Seq高通量测序结果表明,颊下囊中的优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和放线菌门(Actinobacteria),嗉囊和中肠的优势菌门为变形菌门和厚壁菌门;颊下囊和嗉囊样品中丰度较高的细菌类群明显高于中肠,中肠细菌组成相对较为简单;颊下囊中的优势属包括嗜果糖乳酸细菌属Fructobacillus、杆菌属Bacterium、假单胞菌属Pseudomonas、不动杆菌属Acinetobacter和鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingtomonas;颊下囊中微生物物种丰度和多样性均高于嗉囊和中肠。【结论】日本弓背蚁工蚁颊下囊中普遍存在放线菌、芽孢杆菌和酵母菌及其他优势菌群,且微生物的丰度和多样性水平明显高于嗉囊和中肠,这些微生物在蚂蚁食物利用、营养物质消化以及群体免疫中的潜在功能有待于深入研究。【Aim】This study aims to investigate the microbe composition（ actinomycetes,bacteria and fungi） and the diversity of bacteria in the infrabuccal pocket of the Japanese carpenter ant,Camponotus japonicus, so as to explore their potential functions in food utilization and population immunity.【Methods 】 The culture-dependent method and Hi Seq high-througput sequencing technique were combined to analyze the microbes in the infrabuccal pocket,digestive tract and cuticle of C. japonicusworkers collected in Yangling,Shaanxi,northwestern China. 【Results】Ten actinobacterial strains were isolated from the infrabuccal pocket of C. japonicus workers, among which five strains belong to Streptomyce with the average isolation frequencies of 73. 3%-96. 7%. Seven bacterial strains were isolated and four of them were Bacillus,and the average isolation frequencies of the strains N-B1 and N-B4 were both above 70%. Three fungal strains were isolated,and the isolation frequency of the dominant strain P-F1（ Wickerhamiella） was up to 96. 7%. All strains isolated from the crop,midgut and cuticle could be found in the infrabuccal pocket,and the species number of the strains and the number of microbial colonies isolated from the infrabuccal pocket were higher than those isolated from the cuticle,crop and midgut. The results of Hi Seq high-throughput sequencing showed that the dominant bacterial groups in the infrabuccal pocket mainly belong to Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria,but in the crop and midgut the dominant bacterial groups belong to Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. The dominant genera with high abundance were more in the infrabuccal pockets and crops than in the midgut,and the bacterial composition in the midgut was relatively simple. The dominant genera in infrabuccal pocket included Fructobacillus, Bacterium, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Sphingtomonas. The microbial abundance and diversity in the infrabuccal pocket were higher than those in the crop and midgut.【Conclusion】Actinomycetes,Bacillus

关 键 词：日本弓背蚁 颊下囊 消化道 微生物分离培养 HiSeq高通量测序 

分 类 号：Q965.8[生物学—昆虫学]