静电对被动累积式氡浓度测量影响的实验研究  

An experimental study on the effect of static electricity on radon measurements by using passive methods

作　　者：张卫媛 范敦煌 卓维海[1] 季华钧[1] ZHANG Weiyuan;FAN Dunhuang;ZHUO Weihai;JI Huajun(Institute of Radiation Medicine,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032 Chin)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学放射医学研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2018年第2期136-138,共3页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11375048)

摘　　要：目的定性研究静电对被动累积式固体核径迹氡浓度测量的影响。方法利用感应起电机分别给测氡杯的结构材料和探测元件CR-39加上不同电性和电量的静电,将五组带不同电性和电量的测氡杯同时放在一个标准氡室内开展刻度实验,分析比较不同组别测氡杯的刻度系数。结果较之于结构材料和CR-39元件均不带电的测氡杯,仅结构材料带正电时其刻度系数变化不明显,但结构材料带负电或CR-39元件带正电时其刻度系数降低了约40%,而CR-39元件带负电时其刻度系数升高了约1倍。结论在被动累积式固体核径迹测氡杯的刻度、保管和使用过程中,应尽量规避静电的发生。Objective To qualitatively study the effect of static electricity on radon measurements by using passive integra- ting radon monitors with solid - state nuclear detectors. Methods An electrostatic induction motor was used to produce differ- ent charges and amount of static electricity on the structural material or the CR - 39 detectors. Calibration experiments for five groups of radon cups with different charges and amount of static electricity on the structural material or the CR - 39 detectors were simultaneously performed in a standard radon chamber, and the results of calibration factors were compared and analyzed. Results Compared with the cup monitors without any electrical charge on the structural material or the CR - 39, the calibra- tion factor did not change obviously when the structural material was positively charged, but the calibration factor decreased a- bout 40% when the structural material was negatively charged or the CR - 39 detector was positively charged, and the factor would double when the CR - 39 was negatively charged. Conclusion In the processes of calibration, storage or use of passive integrating radon monitors with solid - state nuclear detectors, the occurrence of static electricity should be avoided.

关 键 词：被动累积式氡探测器 crt-39 静电 刻度系数 

分 类 号：TL815.7[核科学技术—核技术及应用]