贫铀的体内外毒性及流行病学研究进展  

Research Progress of Depleted Uranium Toxicity in Vivo/Vitro and Epidemiology

作　　者：岳永超[1] 李明华[1] 冀楠[1] 王时雨[1] 何炜[1] YUE Yong-chao;LI Ming-hua;JI Nan;WANG Shi-yu;HE Wei(Department of Chemistry,School of Pharmacy,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi＇an,Shaanxi,710032,China)

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学药学院化学教研室,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2018年第14期2784-2787,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：国家十二五重大新药创制项目(2014ZX09J14104-06C)

摘　　要：贫铀在工业和军事中广泛应用,尤其是贫铀武器在战争中的大量消耗,使其化学毒性和放射毒性越来越受到重视。了解贫铀的毒性,对于贫铀防护及解毒药物的研究具有重要意义。本文从细胞、动物、辐射流行病学调查三个层面,对近年来有关贫铀毒性研究的新进展进行了综述。细胞毒性实验探索出了研究贫铀放射毒性新的实验方法及氧化应激损伤可能的分子机制,而动物实验提供了贫铀危害肾脏、骨骼及神经系统等新的研究结果,同时流行病学调查调查也发现了部分贫铀毒性的阳性证据。The wide applications of depleted uranium（DU） in industry and military, especially many DU weapons were consumed in war, have got more and more attention about its chemical toxicity and radiotoxicity. Understanding the toxicity of DU is significant to the study on the protection and detoxification of it. This paper reviewed the results of the studies on the toxicity of DU from cell,animal and radiation epidemiology in recent years. The cytotoxicity experiments found new method to explore the radiotoxicity of DU,and possible molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress damage. Animal experiments provide new evidences of DU toxicity on the kidney, bone, nerve system and so on. The epidemiological survey also found that some of the positive evidences of DU toxicity.

关 键 词：贫铀 细胞毒性 动物实验 流行病学 

分 类 号：R146[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]