夏季低压控制下黄海西北部海域海雾发生气象条件合成分析  

Synthetic analysis of meteorological elements for sea fog events over the northwestern Yellow Sea under low pressure control in summer

作　　者：王凯悦 张苏平[1,2] 薛允传 田翔宇 杨柳 WANG Kaiyue;ZHANG Suping;XUE Yunchuan;TIAN Xiangyu;YANG Liu(Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography（Ocean University of China）,Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266100,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean-Atmosphere Interaction and Climate in Universities of Shandong,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Meteorological Bureau,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [2]山东省海洋-大气相互作用与气候重点实验室,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛市气象局,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋气象学报》2018年第3期47-56,共10页Journal of Marine Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41576108;41605006);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016DB26);青岛市科技民生计划项目(15-92-114-NSH)

摘　　要：利用瞬变扰动分析的原理,提供了一个可以客观判定海雾发生时天气类型的方法。在分类结果的基础上,对环流形势、散度和垂直速度以及温度湿度的垂直廓线等进行合成分析,得到低空(1 000 h Pa)为低压扰动下发生海雾(L型海雾)的环流和物理量场基本特征,并与高压控制下海雾(H型海雾)进行对比,结果表明:1)L型海雾位势高度负异常扰动主要表现在低层,其平均值为-65.66 gpm,向上逐渐减弱;2)L型海雾在发生时其逆温强度小于H型海雾,雾层较厚,雾层上空湿度仍然比较大,而H型海雾雾层上空有比较明显的干层;3)L型海雾在垂直方向上的分布具有三层结构,第一层1 000~950 h Pa为辐合伴有弱上升和下沉运动,第二层950~850 h Pa为辐散伴有弱下沉运动,第三层850~500 h Pa为逐渐加强的上升运动;H型海雾为两层结构,1 000 h Pa为辐散伴有弱的上升和下沉运动,950~500 h Pa为一致的下沉运动;4)概率密度统计分析进一步定量表明了L型和H型海雾发生时垂直运动以及相对湿度在各层中的分布情况。这些结论对黄海西北部夏季低压环流形势下海雾的预报提供了重要参考。Based on the principle of transient disturbance analysis,a method is provided to objectively determine the weather pattern owing to the sea fog. On the basis of classification results,a synthetic analysis is conducted of the circulation situation,divergence,vertical velocity field,and the vertical profiles of temperature and humidity. The basic characteristics of the circulation and physical field of the sea fog（ L type sea fog） under low pressure control at 1 000 h Pa are obtained,which are compared with those of the sea fog（ H type sea fog） under high pressure control. The results are as follows： 1） Thenegative anomaly disturbance of L type sea fog＇s geopotential height is mainly manifested at the low layer,whose average value is-65. 66 gpm,and is gradually weakened upward; 2） When L type sea fog occurs,its temperature inversion structure is weaker than that of H type sea fog,the layer is thicker,and the upper layer has higher relative humidity,while the upper layer of H type sea fog is relatively dry; 3）L type sea fog has a structure of three layers at the vertical direction. The first layer is convergence accompanied by weak ascending and sinking motion from 1 000 h Pa to 950 h Pa,the second layer is divergence accompanied by weak sinking motion from 950 h Pa to 850 h Pa,and the third layer has gradually strengthened ascending motion from 850 h Pa to 500 h Pa. However,H type sea fog has a structure of two layers. It is divergence accompanied by weak ascending and sinking motion at 1 000 h Pa and has consistent sinking motion from 950 h Pa to 500 h Pa. 4） The statistical analysis of probability density further quantitatively show the vertical movement of L and H type sea fog and the distribution of relative humidity at each layer. These conclusions provide an important reference for forecasting the sea fog over the northwestern Yellow Sea under low pressure circulation in summer.

关 键 词：低压控制下海雾 高压控制下海雾 黄海西北部海域 合成分析 瞬变扰动 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]