放牧季节和绵羊年龄对松嫩草地放牧绵羊血液指标的影响  

Effect of grazing season and age on blood indices of sheep grazing in songnen grassland

作　　者：王樱洁 钟荣珍[2] 房义[2] 张忠远[1] 孙海霞[2] Wang Ying-jie;Zhong Rong-zhen;Fang Yi;Zhang Zhong-yuan;Sun Hai-xia(School of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,Heilongjiang,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,CAS,Harbin 150081~ Heilongjiang China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科技学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《草业科学》2018年第7期1765-1771,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0500606);国家自然科学基金(31372355)

摘　　要：草地饲草季节动态变化是影响放牧家畜营养的主要因素,而如何通过放牧家畜自身的变化揭示草地质量变化的影响及程度还需要系统的探讨。本研究分别选择3月龄羔羊、3岁和6岁成年母羊各8只,分别在春季、夏季、秋季和冬季采集血样进行分析测定,对松嫩草地放牧绵羊血液常规指标和矿物质指标进行了动态监测,明晰不同季节、不同年龄对这些指标的影响及变化规律,旨在筛选评估家畜营养状态的敏感指标,为放牧家畜营养管理提供理论依据。结果表明,放牧季节和绵羊年龄以及季节和年龄互作均对放牧绵羊血中总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮、甘油三酯和葡萄糖含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。血液常量矿物质结果标明,年龄对血液中钠没有显著影响,季节有显著影响(P<0.05),但二者互作对血液中的钠无显著影响(P>0.05);年龄和季节对血液中钾和氯有显著影响(P<0.05),而且年龄和季节的互作对血液中氯含量有显著影响(P<0.05);年龄和季节对血液中钙有显著影响(P<0.05),但二者互作对其无显著影响(P>0.05);年龄和季节对血液中磷含量有显著影响(P<0.05),二者互作对其也影响显著(P<0.05);年龄对血液中镁没有显著影响(P>0.05),季节有显著影响(P<0.05)。总之,从变化幅度来看,血液中尿素氮和磷是绵羊血液中随季节变化较为敏感的指标。The seasonal change of forage is the main factor that affects the nutrition of grazing livestock,and it is necessary to systematically study the influence and extent of forage quality changes on the grazing livestock.In this experiment,we clarified the influence of seasons and ages on these indexes through a dynamic monitoring routine and estimating mineral indices of blood sampled from sheep grazing in the Songnen Grassland.The purpose of this study was to screen and assess the sensitive indicators of the nutritional status of livestock,which can provide theoretical support for the nutrition management of grazing livestock.Eight 3-month-old lambs,3-year-old ewes,and 6-year-old ewes grazing in all four seasons were chosen for this experiment.The results show that grazing season and sheep age had significant effects on the total protein,albumin,urea nitrogen,triglyceride,and glucose content in sheep blood（P〈0.05）,and there was a significant interaction between age and season.The results of analysis of the major minerals in the blood showed no significant effect of age on the blood sodium content（P〈0.05）,but season did have a significant effect on sodium,and there was no significant effect of the interaction between age and season on blood sodium content（P〉0.05）.Both age and season had significant effects on potassium and chlorine in the blood,and there was a significant effect of their interaction on chlorine.Age and season significantly impacted calcium levels in the blood,but there was no effect of their interaction.Age and season,as well as their interaction,had significant effects on phosphorus levels.No significant effect of age was observed on the blood magnesium levels,but season significantly affected magnesium.In conclusion,blood urea nitrogen and phosphorus are sensitive indicators of seasonal change.

关 键 词：绵羊 放牧 血液 松嫩草地 

分 类 号：S826.13[农业科学—畜牧学] S812.8[农业科学—畜牧兽医]