公义与私情:国民党党政要员对汪精卫出逃前后的观察与反应——以日记为中心的探讨  

Social Justice and Personal Relationship: Diaries as a Lens to Understand the Perception of Wang Ching-wei's Contemporaries on His Exile

作　　者：鲁卫东[1] LU Weidong(Department of History,Huzhou University,Huzhou 31 3000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院历史系,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《湖州师范学院学报》2018年第7期18-30,共13页Journal of Huzhou University

基　　金：浙江省之江青年社科学者资助项目(项目编号:16ZJQN010YB)阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：和档案、函电相似,在史学研究中,日记大多被视为第一手证据或直接史料。对于西安事变后汪精卫返国及其抗战时期的投敌行为,学界相关研究较多,然因现有资料中汪本人留下的私密性史料不多(如日记),后来者很难窥探其心路历程。所幸的是,时人日记的留存对于用他者的眼光来探寻此一议题提供了可能。在这些"他者"中既有汪的"朋友",更有汪的"敌人"。在他们眼中,对于汪的回国,党政各界既有欢欣鼓舞者,亦有谨慎乐观者,更有因忌惮而忧虑乃至反对者。毋庸讳言,这些在派系林立的国民党历史中本是正常的政治生态。1938年12月18日,汪秘密离开重庆,与历次因政争而出走不同的是,汪的出走在战时不仅被定义为投敌,更因其"失节"之行,让其反对者不齿,令其同情者错愕,更使其追随者难堪。在公义与私情之间,多数人选择的是前者。Similar to files and correspondences,diaries are often seen as first-hand evidence or direct data in historical research.There is much literature about Wang Ching-wei＇s return from Japan after the Xi＇an Incident and his desertion to Japanese during the Anti-Japanese War.However,there is little literature about the consideration behind his actions,mostly because Wang Ching-wei himself has left little private data,for example,diaries.Fortunately,diaries of his contemporaries have made it possible for us to explore this topic through the perspectives of others.According to their accounts,the reaction to Wang＇s returning home was rather diverse,there were feelings of exaltation,cautiously optimism and strong opposition.Apparently,such reaction was natural as the political ecology of Kuomintang was characterized by the existence of various factions.On 18 th December 1938,Wang left Chongqing secretly.Different from his exiles in the past,this time his exile happened in the Anti-Japanese War period,and Wang＇s behavior was portrayed as＂surrender to the enemy＂and ＂abandonment of his integrity＂.On one hand,he was treated with contempt by his opponents.On the other hand,his sympathizer and followers also felt shocked or embarrassed about his choice.Apparently most people have chosen the former when confronted with social justice and personal relationship.

关 键 词：公义 私情 汪精卫 时人日记 

分 类 号：K265.65[历史地理—历史学]