土施脱硫石膏对盐碱地“赤霞珠”葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响  

Effects of Mixing Desulfurized Gypsum With Soil on Branches Development and Berry Quality of 'Cabernet Sauvignon' Grapevine in Saline-alkali Land

作　　者：李映龙[1] 单守明[1] 刘成敏[1] 平吉成[1] LI Yinglong;SHAN Shouming;LIU Chengmin;PING Jicheng(Agricultural College,University of Ningxia,Yinehuan,Ningxia 750021)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第15期65-69,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ14007)

摘　　要：以"赤霞珠"葡萄为试材,在葡萄行间土壤中施用不同量的脱硫石膏,研究其对葡萄园内土壤理化性质和葡萄枝蔓、叶片发育与果实品质的影响,以期为促进盐碱地酿酒葡萄生长发育和提高果实品质提供参考依据。结果表明:不同的脱硫石膏处理均能降低土壤的pH,使土壤的全盐含量、碱化度和粘粒比重降低,提高了砂粒和粉粒比重,从而提高了土壤孔隙度和降低了土壤容重;667m2施用1 500kg脱硫石膏处理显著降低了土壤全盐含量和碱化度,使土壤孔隙度显著提高。土施脱硫石膏也提高了葡萄叶面积和叶绿素含量,提高了枝蔓的长度与粗度,采收时果实中可溶性总糖、花色苷、单宁和总酚含量明显升高;1 500kg脱硫石膏处理显著提高了果实中可溶性总糖、花色苷、单宁和总酚含量,使果实品质显著提高。因此,在贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄产区,对于盐碱地葡萄园可在葡萄行间施用脱硫石膏以降低土壤的pH和全盐含量,促进土壤团粒结构的形成以提高土壤孔隙度,从而改善土壤的理化性状;促进叶片和枝蔓的发育,最终提高酿酒葡萄果实的品质。In order to provide useful information for promote the growth and development of wine grape in saline-alkali land and improve the quality of wine grape,‘Cabernet Sauvignon＇grape was used as material,using the method of adding different proporitions of desulphurized gysum in soil under grapevine,the effects of soil physical and chemical properties of gypsum,the vine branches leaf development and fruit quality of vineyards soil were studied.The results showed that different desulphurized gypsum treatments could reduce the pH of the soil,the total salt content,the degree of alkalization and the specific gravity of clay,and increase the specific gravity of sand and powder,thereby improve soil porosity and reducing soil bulk density.The application of 1 500 kg desulphurization gypsum per 667 m2 significantly reduced the total salt content and alkalinity of the soil,and increased the soil porosity significantly.Soil application of desulfurized gypsum could also improve the foliar area and chlorophyll content,improve the branches length and thickness,the fruit soluble sugar,anthocyanins,tannins and total phenol content increased obviously.The content of total soluble sugar,anthocyanin,tannin and total phenol in the fruit significantly increased by the treatment of 1 500 kg gypsum,and the fruit quality was greatly improved.Therefore,in Helan East Mountain wine grape producing area,the application of desulphurized gypsum between grapes row in saline vineyards was applied to reduce soil pH and total salt content,promote the formation of soil aggregate structure to improve soil porosity,improve soil physical and chemical properties,and promote leaf and branches development,ultimately improve the quality of wine grape fruit.

关 键 词：脱硫石膏 盐碱地 生长发育 果实品质 

分 类 号：S663.106.2[农业科学—果树学]