不同灌水量对宁夏贺兰山东麓风沙土葡萄园土壤有效态微量元素的淋洗作用  

Effects of Different Irrigation Amount on Leaching of Available Microelements in Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia

作　　者：谢岳[1] 王振平[1] 董业雯 刘春艳[1] XIE Yue;WANG Zhenping;DONG Yewen;LIU Chunyan(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2018年第6期871-879,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家葡萄产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-29-zp-03);国家自然科学基金(31360463);国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD20B03-03)~~

摘　　要：为了研究宁夏贺兰山东麓地区葡萄园风沙土壤中有效态微量元素(铜、锌、锰、铁)在不同灌水量下的淋洗规律,采用大田试验,选取7a生酿酒葡萄‘美乐’为试材,采用小水流自流微灌溉,对0~80cm风沙土土壤设置灌水量为177m^3/667m^2、211m^3/667m^2、244m^3/667m^2、277m^3/667m^2 4个不同梯度的处理。灌水后7d使用荷兰取土器,按照五点取样法分别钻取土壤深度为0~20cm、20~40cm、40~60cm、60~80cm土层土样。采用DTPA浸提-原子吸收分光光度法对有效态微量元素进行测定。结果表明:灌水对风沙土中有效态微量元素有淋洗作用,0~20cm土层中的有效态微量元素易受淋洗作用进入深层土壤,土层越深越不易被淋洗。不同灌水量条件下有效态微量元素淋洗程度不同,灌水量为244m^3/667m^2的处理,土壤中有效铜和有效锰被淋洗到20~40cm土层较多,277 m^3/667m^2的处理更易将有效铜淋洗到深层土壤中,244m^3/667m^2的处理使得有效锰质量分数在下层累积更多。不同处理对有效锌和有效铁的淋洗规律不显著。综合考虑灌水量为244m^3/667m^2处理最优。To study the leaching mechanism of available microelements（Cu,Zn,Mn,Fe）in grapery of sandy soil of east Helan mountain area in Ningxia under different irrigation amounts.7 avitis vinifera‘Merlot＇was selected as test materials in the field experiment,the micro-water gravity irrigation was used in sandy soil at the depth of 0-80 cm,four different gradient treatments with irrigation amounts of 177 m^3/667 m^2,211 m^3/667 m^2,244 m^3/667 m^2,and 277 m^3/667 m^2 were set.7 days after the irrigation,Dutch soil sampler was used by five-point sampling method to take soil samples at depth of 0-20 cm,20-40 cm,40-60 cm,and 60-80 cm.DTPA extraction-atomic absorption spectrometry was used to test available microelements.The results indicated that irrigation played a role in leaching of available micro-elements in sandy soil;available micro-elements in soil at depth of 0-20 cm could be easily affected by leaching and deepening into soil,deeper soil layers maked harder leaching.The leaching effect of available micro-elements was various under different irrigations.For irrigation volume of 244 m^3/667 m^2,effective Cu and Mn in soil leached to soil layer at depth of 20-40 cm;for 277 m^3/667 m^2,it leached effective Cu into deeper soil more easily;for 244 m^3/667 m^2,effective Mn mass fractions accumulated more in soil layer.However,leaching regularity was not significant under different treatments in effective Zn and Fe.Through overall consideration,irrigation volume of 244 m^3/667 m^2 was the optimal treatment.

关 键 词：灌水量 土壤 有效态微量元素 淋洗作用 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]