生物炭还田对融雪期棕壤有效养分的影响  

Effect of Biochar Returning on Brown Soil Available Nutrient during Snowmelt Period

作　　者：刘菁华 米彩红[1] 周丽丽[1] 许秀泉[1] 师澜峰 曹湘英[1] LIU Jinghua;MI Caihong;ZHOU Lili;XU Xiuquan;SHI Lanfeng;CAO Xiangying(College of Water Conservancy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,沈阳110866

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2018年第6期880-887,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41471225);辽宁省博士科研启动基金(201601105)~~

摘　　要：以辽宁地区典型土壤棕壤为研究对象,通过野外布置小区进行田间原位观测试验,分析融雪期秸秆生物炭不同施加量处理土壤主要有效养分质量分数的变化,探讨生物炭还田对融雪期土壤养分的影响机制。试验设置4个处理,生物炭用量分别为0(CK)、6(B1)、12(B2)、24(B3)t/hm2,每个处理3个重复,小区采用随机区组排列。结果表明:生物炭施加量对融雪期有效养分质量分数有极显著性影响,融雪持续期对NH_4^+-N、NO_3^--N有极显著性影响,对速效钾有显著性影响。施加生物炭处理在融雪各阶段有效养分质量分数都高于对照处理,且融雪前后养分流失量较少,其中B3处理NH_4^+-N、NO_3^--N和有效磷融雪前后流失量最小,分别为1.16mg/kg、4.24mg/kg和5.23mg/kg,说明生物炭对融雪期土壤有效养分有很好的固持作用。分析相关指标得出,融雪前期生物炭主要通过影响积雪融化速度和土壤水分状况,增加土壤持水能力,来减少土壤有效养分损失;但是,融雪后期土壤水分不再是养分损失的主要制约因素。In this study,we selected brown soil in Liaoning province as research object.Though field in-situ observation experiment,we analyzed the variation of main effective nutrient mass fraction during snowmelt period after straw biochar returning,and investigated the influence mechanism of biochar returning on soil available nutrient during snowmelt period.The biochar of experimental treatments included 4 levels：no biochar（CK）,6（B1）,12（B2）and 24（B3）t/hm^2.The trail design was randomly arranged blocks,each treatments with 3 replications.A field trail was conducted to study the effects of biochar on brown soil available nutrient during snowmelt period.The result showed that the effect of the biochar application quantity was extremely significant on mass fraction of soil available nutrient during the whole stage of snowmelt,snowmelt date was significant on mass fraction of soil NH4^＋-N and NO3^--N.The mass fraction of soil available nutrient in biochar application treatments were higher that CK in the whole stage.And decrement of nutrient were lower that CK in snowmelt process,decrements of NH4^＋-N、NO3^--Nand available phosphorus were least as 1.16 mg/kg,4.24 mg/kg and 5.23 mg/kg respectively.At the early stage of snowmelt process,biochar increased soil water-holding capacity and holding soil available nutrientswas mainly by influencing the snow melting speed and soil moisture conditions,and the later stage of soil water was not the main effect factor for soil nutrient.

关 键 词：生物炭 有效养分 融雪期 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]