雾霾治理背景下的垃圾分类:多元治理格局的建构  

Garbage Classification in the Context of Fog governance:Construction of Diversified Governance Mechanism

作　　者：杨慧宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044

出　　处：《阅江学刊》2018年第4期56-63,共8页Yuejiang Academic Journal

基　　金：南京信息工程大学气候变化与公共政策研究院2014年开放课题"雾霾治理下的垃圾分类:现状与对策研究"(14QHA022)

摘　　要：垃圾分类可以减少垃圾焚烧量,促进节能减排,提高生产者的环境责任,提高消费者的环境意识,对于雾霾治理有着积极贡献。当前,我国的垃圾分类主要有市场模式和政府模式,这两种模式都是一元治理,各有弊端。必须建构垃圾分类多元治理格局,让政府、回收商、生产者、消费者、资源再生企业等都加入垃圾分类回收体系。政府制定相关法律法规,推动建立生产者责任延伸制度、消费者垃圾分类制度和资源再生企业补贴机制;生产者及行业协会承担回收责任,落实生产者责任延伸制度;制定相关的监督激励措施,规范消费者的垃圾分类行为;资源再生企业和生产者、回收商保持良好的合作关系,形成良性循环。开放动态的垃圾分类多元治理机制能够彰显公共精神,形成合力治理公共事务。Garbage classification can reduce the amount of waste incineration,promote energy conservation and emission reduction,improve the environmental responsibility of producers,increase consumers’environmental awareness,and make positive contributions to the management of smog.At present,China’s garbage classification mainly includes the market model and the government model.Both of these models are one-dimensional governance,and each has its own drawbacks and its effects are poor.It is necessary to construct a multiple governance structure for garbage classification,which can make governments,recyclers,producers,consumers,resource regeneration companies and other entities participate in thegarbage separation and recovery system.The government formulates relevant laws and regulations,promotes the establishment of an extended producer responsibility system,a consumer garbage classification system,and a subsidy mechanism for resource-recycling enterprises;Producers and industry associations assume responsibility for recycling,implement a system of extended producer responsibility;To establish relevant supervisory and incentive measures in order to standardize consumer garbage classification behavior;Resource regeneration companies,producers and recyclers maintain a good and continuous relationship of cooperation and form a virtuous circle.The open dynamic multi-governance mechanism can demonstrate the public spirit and form a joint management of public affairs,and will achieve better results in the garbage classification work.

关 键 词：雾霾治理 垃圾分类 多元治理机制 环境治理 生产者责任延伸制度 资源再生 

分 类 号：R124.3[医药卫生—环境卫生学] C916[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]