基于热噪声的自适应匹配真随机数发生器设计  

Design of adaptive matching true random number generator based on thermal noise

作　　者：李桢 汪鹏君[1] 程旭[2] 李刚[1] Li Zhen;Wang Pengjun;Cheng Xu;Li Gang(Institute of Circuits and Systems,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China;State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System,Fudan University,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学电路与系统研究所,浙江宁波315211 [2]复旦大学专用集成电路与系统国家重点实验室,上海201203

出　　处：《电子技术应用》2018年第8期35-38,43,共5页Application of Electronic Technique

基　　金：浙江省公益性技术应用研究计划项目(2016C31078);国家自然科学基金(61574041;61474068;61234002)

摘　　要：通过对热噪声模型和灵敏放大器匹配机理的研究,提出一种可自适应匹配的真随机数发生器(True Random Number Generator,TRNG)设计方案。该方案首先在灵敏放大器中嵌入可配置NMOS阵列,通过调整阵列的等效宽长比实现灵敏放大器工作电流的平衡;然后在输出端增设负载隔离单元实现互补输出负载的匹配,提高序列随机性;最后通过动态补偿算法实现TRNG自适应校准,提高其适用范围。电路采用TSMC 65 nm CMOS工艺实现,实验结果表明TRNG在0.8 V^1.4 V电压和-40℃~120℃的环境下能正常工作,最大输出速率可达1 GHz,平均能效为0.165 pJ/bit。输出的随机序列通过了NIST-SP 800-22测试。After studying on the thermal noise model and the matching mechanism of sensitive amplifier, an adaptively matching True Random Number Generator（TRNG） design is proposed. In this design, configurable NMOS array is embedded in the sensitive am-plifier firstly, and by adjusting array ＇ s equivalent aspect ratio it could balance the working current of sensitive amplifier. Secondly,isolation unit is added at the output to achieve the matching of complementary output loads, which can improve the randomness of the sequence. Lastly, dynamic compensation algorithm is applied to achieve the adaptive calibration of TRNG, thus broadening the scope of its application. The TRNG is semi-customedly designed with TSMC 65 nm CMOS technology. The experimental results show that it can operate properly among a wide range of voltage（ 0. 8 to 1. 4 V） and temperature（-40 to 120 ℃）, the maximum output rate can rise up to 1 GHz and the average power is 0. 165 pJ/bit. The randomly outputted sequence has passed the National Institute of Standards and Technology（ NIST） randomness tests.

关 键 词：真随机数发生器 灵敏放大器 热噪声 自适应匹配 

分 类 号：TN4[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]