高原红土地氮磷钾平衡施肥对玉米数量性状的影响  

Effects of Balanced N/P/K Fertilization Influence on Maize Quantitative Traits on Upland Red Soil

作　　者：吴杏红[1] 刘建香[2] 张国建[1] 杨瑞林[1] 郭云周[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业职业技术学院,云南昆明650031 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2018年第7期62-67,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国际合作项目"云南持续农业的坡地管理"(NMS-YN200801)

摘　　要：为云南旱地红壤玉米氮磷钾(N/P/K)平衡施肥提供依据,对杂交玉米品种会单-4号进行N/P/K肥平衡施用试验。结果表明:不同处理间植株性状、叶绿素、穗位叶、果穗性状、秸秆产量及籽粒产量差异显著,N/P/K肥对玉米数量性状变异综合影响为K>P>N;N/P/K不平衡施肥严重制约玉米生物产量,影响程度为K>P>N;N_1P_1K_1处理(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O∶Zn=60∶90∶90∶1.5)最经济有效,在此基础上增施P/K肥的N_1P_2K_2处理(N∶P_2O_5∶K_2O∶Zn=60∶180∶180∶3.0)有利于玉米干物质积累,增产效果更显著;肥效互作依次为P/K>N/K>N/P;N_2P_2K_2处理基础上多施N/P/K肥,增效不显著。To provide references for balanced N/P/K fertilization of maize on Yunnan upland red soil, a balanced N/P/K fertilization test was conducted on hybrid maize cultivar Huidan 4. Results： Different treatments vary significantly in plant characteristics, chlorophyll, ear leaf, ear characters, straw and maize yield. The integrated influence on maize quantitative traits follows the sequence of K〉P〉N. And the unbalanced N/P/K fertilization severely constrains maize biomass, the influence degree is K〉P〉N. N 1 P 1 K 1 （N∶P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O∶Zn=60∶90∶90∶1.5） is the most economical and effective. On this basis, N 1 P 2 K 2 （N∶P 2 O 5 ∶K 2 O∶Zn=60∶180∶180∶3.0）promotes maize dry matter accumulation, and significantly increases maize yield; The fertilizer interaction follows the sequence of P/K〉N/K〉N/P. increasing the application of N/P/K fertilizers has no significant effect on the basis of N 2 P 2 K 2 .

关 键 词：红壤旱地 N/P/K肥 玉米 数量性状 生物产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]