云贵准静止锋雾的中尺度环境场分析及短期预报着眼点  

The Meso-scale Environment Analysis and the Forecast Starting Point of The Yunnan-Guizhou Quasi-stationary Front Fog

作　　者：杨静 吴哲红 汪超 朱文达 YANG Jing;WU Zhehong;WANG Chao;ZHU Wenda(Guizhou Meteorological Observatory,Guiyang 550002,China;Anshun Meteorological Observatory,Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省气象台,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州省安顺市气象台,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2018年第3期1-10,共10页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41565001):云贵高原静止锋雾的机理与生消研究

摘　　要：通过对1995—2010年贵州08时能见度资料及地面天气图的普查,选取76次云贵静止锋雾天气过程,分析了云贵高原东部贵州山区区域性静止锋雾的时空特征;利用高空和地面天气图,对天气环流形势和影响系统进行统计分析,总结静止锋雾的天气系统特征,并进一步以两次典型个例为代表,对两类典型静止锋雾展开详细的中尺度环境场分析,归纳静止锋雾短期预报的着眼点。研究表明,贵州区域性静止锋雾呈"西多东少"的分布特征,区域性静止锋雾的高空环流条件为多槽脊型、两槽一脊型、横槽型和一槽一脊型。短期预报重点考虑500 h Pa在100°E以西大多有南支槽存在,云贵高原上空存在中空急流;700 h Pa同样有急流存在;850 h Pa表现为切变或偏南气流影响,前者冷暖气流同时加强,静止锋活跃,水汽在低层辐合,湿层较厚,雾与降雨同时出现;后者出现在静止锋减弱期间,偏南暖湿气流增强,中低层暖平流加强。The spatial and temporal characteristics of the regional quasi-stationary front fog at Guizhou Mountainous of eastern Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau was analyzed based on the 76 selected quasi-stationary front fog weather processes between Yunnan and Guizhou Province by surveying the visibility data at 08：00 and the surface weather charts during 1995—2010. The weather system characteristics of the quasi-stationary front fog was summarized by the statics analysis of the weather circulation situation and affecting the system through the survey of the aerial and ground weather maps. And further in a case of two typical representatives of the two types of stationary front fog detailed meso-scale environmental field analysis,the starting points of the quasi-stationary front fog short-term forecast were summarized by the detailed meso-scale environment analyst of two types of the quasi-stationary front fog in a case of two typical representatives. The research shows that the spatial distribution characteristics of the regional quasi-stationary front fog in Guizhou Province presents more in west and less in east and centralized. The circulation situation of the regional quasi-stationary front fog divided in four types,the multiple trough-ridge type,the two troughs-one ridge type,the transversal trough type,the one ridge-one trough type. The short-term forecast mainly consider the situation that southern branch trough mostly exist in the west of 100°E and jet stream exist upper the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau at 500 h Pa,low-level jet stream exist likewise at 700 h Pa. The situation at 850 h Pa divided in two types,the southerly wind shear type and the southerly air stream type. The warm and cold air simultaneously strengthening cause the quasi-stationary front activated,and wet layer is thick and low-level moisture convergence cause the water vapor condensing to form mist in the situation of southerly wind shear type,fog and rain can simultaneously exist. Southerly warm and moist air stream and low level warm advection both str

关 键 词：静止锋雾 中尺度环境场 预报着眼点 

分 类 号：P426.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P457.7