光色对红壳色中华绒螯蟹生长、摄食及体色的影响  

Effects of colorful light on growth performance,feeding and shell color in Chinese mitten crab juvenile Eriocheir sinensis with the red shell

作　　者：左炳楠 李晓东 姜玉声 王正光 郑岩 刘谞 孙娜 ZUOBingnan;LI Xiaodong;JIANGYusheng;WANGZhengguang;ZHENGYan;LIUXu;SUN Na(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 1160232,China;Research ＆ Development Center,Panjin Guanghe Crab Industrial Company Ltd.,Panjin 124200,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]盘锦光合蟹业有限公司研发中心,辽宁盘锦124200

出　　处：《中国渔业质量与标准》2018年第3期26-33,共8页Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0404000);辽宁省高等学校海洋产业技术研究院项目;国家高技术研究发展计划(“863计划”,2012AA10A409);大连海洋大学蔚蓝英才工程资助项目

摘　　要：本研究旨在探讨光色对红壳色中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)仔蟹生长、摄食及体色的影响,为其体色研究提供参考。固定光照强度为(1 800.0±50.0)Lx,记录观察红壳色与正常壳色仔蟹在5种常见光色(红、绿、黄、白和蓝)下养殖35 d的存活、相残、蜕壳、生长及摄食量等情况,并利用色调-饱和度-亮度(HSB)颜色模型分析体色变化。Duncan多重比较分析发现:不同颜色光照对两种壳色中华绒螯仔蟹生长的影响不同。绿光有利于红壳色仔蟹的生长,而黄光则对正常壳色仔蟹更有利。两种壳色仔蟹的体质量特定生长率和致残率在不同颜色光照中差异显著。红壳色仔蟹在红光和绿光中的蜕壳率明显高于正常壳色仔蟹(P<0.05)。除蓝光组外,各颜色光照中正常壳色仔蟹致残率均高于红壳色仔蟹,其中白光组的致残率比红壳色仔蟹高78.72%(P<0.01)。红壳色仔蟹在绿光组中的体质量特定生长率(1.69%/d)和头胸甲特定生长率(0.69%/d)最高;在红光组中特定生长率最低(分别为1.40%/d,0.38%/d),而正常壳色仔蟹在蓝光中的特定生长率最低。两种壳色仔蟹各光色组的夜间摄食占比均高于白昼,尽管差异不显著(P>0.05),但表现出了昼夜摄食节律。红壳色仔蟹的日摄食率、食物转化率受光照颜色影响不明显(P>0.05)。但对正常壳色仔蟹蓝光会抑制摄食和食物转化,而黄光则会促进摄食和食物转化。与蜕壳前相比,蜕壳后红壳色仔蟹红光、绿光、黄光组H值下降,红色加深;而白光、蓝光组H值上升,红色变浅;各组S值、B值下降,体色变浅,变暗,而正常壳色仔蟹红色深浅度在不同光照下则表现相反;除红光、黄光B值上升,体色变亮,S值均下降,体色变浅。因此,绿光和黄光分别利于红壳色和正常壳色仔蟹的生长,而绿光能促进两种壳色仔蟹体色变黑,加深。本研究将为中华绒螯蟹体色形成与调控机理的解析,以及养殖过程中This paper aims to eveluate the effects of colorful lights on growth performance,feeding and shell color in Chinese mitten crab juvenile Eriocheir sinensis with the red shell. At an intensity of（ 1 800 ± 50） Lx,the growth performance,molting rate,disability rate and feeding in Chinese mitten crab juvenile with the red shell or the normal shell were observed under the conditions of 5 colorful lights（ red,green,yellow,white and blue） for 35 days,and HSB color（ hues-saturation-brightness） was applied to analysis the change of body color. After the analysis of Duncan＇s multiple comparison,both of Chinese mitten crab juveniles showed the various growth performance under colorful lights. The green light was benefit for crab juveniles with the red shell to promote growth and decrease cannibalism,whereas the yellow light is benefit for crab juveniles with the normal shell. Special growth rate of body weight and disability rate were prone to affect performance under colorful lights. In red and green light group,the molting rate of red color juvenile crab was significantly higher than those of other groups（ P 0. 05）. Except from blue Light group,the cannibalism rate of normal color crabs were higher than those of red shell crabs under colorful lights（ P 0. 05）. The special growth rate of body weight（ 1. 69%/d） and special growth rate of carapace length（ 0. 69%/d）of red color juvenile crabs in green light were maximum,while those of red color juvenile crabs in red light were minimum（ 1. 40%/d,0. 39%/d,respectively）,which indicating that juvenile crabs were not suitable for growth in red light. Furthermore,ratio of food intake at daytime was observed higher than that of night time,despite of non-significant difference（ P 0. 05）,which suggesting that juvenile crabs showed the circadian and feeding rhythms. The feed intake and feed conversion efficiency of red color juvenile crabs was not affected significantly by colorful lights（ P 0. 05）. However,food intake and food conversion were

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 光照 生长 摄食 体色 图像颜色分析 

分 类 号：S94[农业科学—水产养殖]