社区高血压与糖尿病患者慢性病知识水平调查及影响因素分析  

Study on the knowledge level of chronic diseases in community hypertension and diabetes patients and its influencing factors

作　　者：陆伟江[1] 杨虹[1] 黄颖[1] 罗水英[1] 岑鸿蕾 孟军[1] 李春光 黄婵 LU Wei-jiang;YANG Hong;HUANG Ying;LUO Shui-ying;CEN Hong-lei;MENG Jun;LI Chun-guang;HUANG Chan(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanning,Guangxi 530028,Chin)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,广西南宁530028 [2]南宁市青秀区竹溪社区卫生服务中心 [3]柳州市柳北区雅儒社区卫生服务中心

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2018年第3期167-172,共6页Applied Preventive Medicine

基　　金：广西医疗卫生适宜技术研究与开发课题(S201406-01)

摘　　要：目的了解社区中高血压与糖尿病患者的慢性病防治知识水平,为制定相应的健康教育和干预措施提供科学依据。方法对社区中1 206名高血压和糖尿病患者进行现况调查,分析疾病高危因素、诊断标准、危害及并发症、治疗及防制、主要症状、低血糖知识、每日食盐标准、体质指数(BMI)等慢性病知识知晓情况并分析其影响因素。结果高血压与糖尿病患者患者慢性病知识得分为(5.07±2.86)分,得分率为50.70%,在各方面的慢性病知识中,治疗及防制的得分最高,为(1.86±1.03)分,得分率为62.00%,其次是疾病主要症状,为(0.61±0.45)分,得分率为61.00%。高血压患者中得分率最低的是对BMI的知晓情况,得分率仅为6.00%,糖尿病患者中得分率最低的是对高危因素的知晓情况,得分率为39.00%。不同年龄段的患者除知晓BMI方面得分情况的差异无统计学意义外,其他方面知识的得分情况的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);患病时长不同的患者在各个方面得分的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。慢性病知识水平与患者的性别、年龄、患病时长有关联,男性、年龄大、患病时间长的患者对慢性病知识了解得更多。结论社区中高血压与糖尿病患者慢性病防控知识水平普遍不高,知识掌握不全面、不均衡,应面向全人群、慢性病高危人群、慢性病患者制定相应的慢性病预防策略和干预措施,开展有针对性的健康教育。Objective To understand the knowledge level of chronic disease prevention and treatment of hypertension and diabetes patients in the community, and provide scientific basis for formulating corresponding health education and intervention measures. Methods A survey of 1206 patients with hypertension or diabetes in the community was carried out to analyze the risk factors, diagnostic criteria, hazards and complications, treatment and prevention,main symptoms, hypoglycemia knowledge, daily salt standard, body mass index（BMI）. Results The score of chronic disease knowledge of the patients was（5.07 ± 2.86） point, and the score rate was 50.70%. Among all aspects of chronic disease knowledge, the highest score was about treatment and control with（1.86 ± 1.03） point, the score rate was 62%; followed by the main symptoms of disease,（0.61 ± 0.45） point, and the score rate was 61%. The lowest score among patients with hypertension was the awareness of BMI, with a score rate of only 6%. The lowest score rate among diabetic patients was the awareness of high-risk factors, with a score rate of39%. Except for BMI, the scores of other knowledge were significantly different in statistics among age groups（P〈0.05）. There were statistical significant differences in scores of every aspect of knowledge among patients with different duration of illness（P〈0.01）. The knowledge level of chronic diseases was related to gender, age and duration of the diseases, with higher scores in male, older and longer illness ones. Conclusion The knowledge level of chronic disease prevention and control of hypertension and diabetes in community patients is generally low and unbalanced,and not comprehensive.The prevention strategy of chronic diseases should be developed for the whole population,high-risk groups and patients with chronic diseases, and the targeted health education should be carried out.

关 键 词：社区 高血压患者 糖尿病患者 慢性病知识 影响因素 

分 类 号：R197.61[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]