天然气脱硫过程分析及应对措施  

Analysis and Countermeasures of Natural Gas Desulfurization Process

作　　者：陈建兵 叶帆[2] 赵德银[2] 薄德臣 CHEN Jianbing;YE Fan;ZHAO Deyin;BO Dechen

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司

出　　处：《油气田地面工程》2018年第7期32-37,共6页Oil-Gas Field Surface Engineering

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"高含硫气田集输净化系统安全高效运行技术"(2016ZX05017-004)

摘　　要：国内油田在开采过程中会副产部分天然气,这部分天然气需要经过一系列的工艺过程才能得到合格的天然气产品;但天然气在净化过程中存在脱硫塔出现频繁的发泡拦液现象,脱硫塔运行不稳定且天然气脱硫塔效率较低,产品天然气硫含量不达标。采用ASPEN PLUS和冷模实验对天然气脱硫过程进行深入研究。研究发现:当操作压力从1.0 MPa升高到2.1 MPa时,硫化氢质量浓度从55.6 mg/m^3减少至48.9 mg/m^3;当吸收温度从31℃升高到55℃时,硫化氢质量浓度从46 mg/m^3升高至48.5 mg/m^3;当塔板数从15层增加至23层时,硫化氢质量浓度从278 mg/m^3减少至13 mg/m^3;在塔盘开孔等条件相同及阀孔动能因子为19(m/s)(kg/m^3)^(0.5)的情况下,FMP塔盘的液泛夹带量为0.07~0.08 kg/kg,F1浮阀塔盘的为0.16 kg/kg。工艺参数对脱硫效果影响较小,造成脱硫塔发泡拦液现象的根本原因在于,鼓泡传质过程以及原料中重组分物质在吸收剂中的累积。采用FMP塔盘技术可以解决脱硫塔发泡拦液所造成的运行不稳定和脱硫效率低的问题。Domestic oilfields will produce by-product natural gas in the process of exploration. This part of natural gas needs a series of technological processes to get qualified natural gas. However,in the process of natural gas purification,there are frequent foaming and fluid-blocking phenomena in desulfurization towers. The operation of desulfurization towers is unstable and its desulfurization efficiency is low,and the sulfur content of product natural gas is not up to standard. The process of natural gas desulfurization is deeply studied by ASPEN PLUS and the cold mold experiment. The study shows that when operation pressure increases from 1.0 MPa to 2.1 MPa,the mass concentration of hydrogen sulfide decreases from 55.6 mg/m^3 to 48.9 mg/m^3; when absorbent temperature rises from 31 ℃ to 55 ℃,the mass concentration of hydrogen sulfide increases from 46 mg/m^3 to 48.5 mg/m^3;when the layer number of plates increases from 15 to 23,and the mass concentration of hydrogen sulfide decreases from 278 mg/m^3 to 13 mg/m^3;with the same tray hole conditions and the valve opening kinetic factor of 19 m/s（kg/m^3）^（0.5）,the flooding entrainment on the FMP tray is 0.07 to 0.08 kg/kg,and the F1 float valve tray is 0.16 kg/kg. The influence of process parameters on desulfurization effect is not great,and the root reason of the phenomena of foaming and fluid-blocking is the accumulation of matter with heavy components in bubbling mass transfer process and raw materials. FMP tray technology can be used to solve the problems of unstable operation and low desulfurization efficiency due to the foaming and fluid-blocking in desulfurization towers.

关 键 词：天然气 脱硫 立式喷射 FMP 

分 类 号：TE644[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]