多重产出目标下中国省域森林公园技术非效率的影响因素分析  

Research on factors influencing the provincial technical inefficiency of forest parks under multi-output targets in China

作　　者：黄安胜[1,2,3] 兰思仁[1,3] 邹惠冰 HUANG Ansheng;LAN Siren;ZOU Huibing(Forest Park Engineering Research Center of State Forestry Administration,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Institute of Sustainable Development,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Center for Collective Forestry Reform and Development,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学可持续发展研究所,福州350002 [3]福建农林大学国家林业和草原局集体林业改革发展研究中心,福州350002

出　　处：《资源科学》2018年第8期1595-1607,共13页Resources Science

基　　金：国家林业局森林公园工程技术研究中心开放课题(PTJH1500217);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(CXZX2017467)

摘　　要：森林公园具有经济、社会和生态等多重产出目标,本文基于多重产出目标研究森林公园技术非效率及其影响因素,有助于把握森林公园的可持续发展能力。本文基于2004—2015年中国大陆30个省域森林公园相关统计数据,运用随机前沿分析方法测算多重产出目标下的森林公园技术效率和技术非效率。并以供给需求理论为基础,运用Tobit模型分析需求面因素与供给面因素对森林公园技术非效率的影响。研究表明:(1)2004—2015年中国森林公园技术效率的平均值仅为0.3684,仍存在很大的提升空间,而总非效率的均值却高达0.6316,技术非效率的均值也高达0.5144;效率值由高到低依次为西南林区、南方林区、华北林区、东北林区、西北林区;(2)在需求面因素中,人均GDP对森林公园技术非效率的影响呈非线性U型,而人口密度和城镇化率则产生正向影响;在供给面因素中,高级别旅游资源密度、高等级公路密度、森林覆盖率、资金投入强度均在不同程度上对森林公园技术非效率产生负向作用。Forest parks are designed to provide economic, social and ecological effects. Based on provincial statistical data related to forest parks in China's Mainland and collection of each year from 2004 to 2015, the present study employed stochastic frontier analysis to demonstrate the provincial technical efficiency and inefficiency of the multiple output targets established for these forest parks, including economic, social, and ecological products. By referring to the supply-demand theory, a Tobit model was used to measure and analyze the effects of supply factors and demand factors on the provincial technical inefficiency of these forest parks. This study showed that the mean of provincial technical efficiency of China＇ s forest parks was only 0. 3684 from 2004 to 2015, leaving plenty of room for promotion. The average of total inefficiency was as high as 0.6316, and the mean of technical inefficiency was also as high as 0. 5144. The efficiency values of forest parks for the main forest regions in China listed in descending order were： Southwest Forest Region, Southern Forest Region, North Forest Region, Northeast Forest Region and Northwest Forest Region. For influencing factors of demand, a nonlinear and U-shaped relationship was observed between GDP per capita and provincial technical inefficiency of these forest parks. Meanwhile, the population density and urbanization rate did exhibit a positive influence on the provincial technical inefficiency of these forest parks. For influencing factors of supply, high-level tourism resource density, high-grade highway density, forest coverage, and investment intensity illustrated a negative influence on the provincial technical inefficiency of these forest parks to varying degrees.

关 键 词：森林公园 技术非效率 随机前沿生产函数 TOBIT模型 影响因素 

分 类 号：TU986.52[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]