利用相位扫描方法判定地震剖面极性  

The application of phase scanning method to determining the polarity of seismic profile

作　　者：贺佩[1] 曾庆才[1] 黄家强[1] 姜仁[1] 陈胜[1] 郭晓龙[1] 王秀姣[1] 杨亚迪 HE Pei;ZENG Qing-Cai;HUANG Jia-Qiang;JIANG Ren;CHEN Sheng;GUO Xiao-Long;WANG Xiu-Jiao;YANG Ya-Di(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration ＆ Development,Langfang 065007,Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院,河北廊坊065007

出　　处：《物探与化探》2018年第4期759-765,共7页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05047-002)资助

摘　　要：合成地震记录标定是构造解释和储层预测的基础,合成地震记录标定的结果是否准确直接决定着后续构造解释与储层预测的准确性,只有准确判断地震剖面对应子波的极性,合成记录标定才会准确,因此,地震资料极性的判断是最基础的工作。在实际生产应用中,采用正极性子波和负极性子波分别制作合成地震记录,然后对比二者与地震道的对应关系这种常规的判断地震资料极性的方法很难判别地震剖面的极性。笔者以苏里格气田地震剖面极性判定为例,根据相位扫描原理,通过正演模拟以及公式推导表明:地震剖面的相位与相位校正量互为相反数。在实际资料分析中,利用相位扫描方法,对比井阻抗与井旁道反演的相对阻抗,得到相位校正量进而得到地震剖面的相位,帮助判断地震剖面的极性,该方法直观,在实际应用中具有较好的操作与推广性。Synthetic seismic record calibration is the basis of structural interpretation and reservoir prediction.The accuracy of synthetic seismic record calibration directly determines the accuracy of subsequent structural interpretation and reservoir prediction,and only when the polarity of the corresponding seismic section is accurately determined,the calibration can be accurate. Therefore,determining the polarity of seismic data is the most basic work.In practical production applications,the conventional method which uses the positive and negative polar waves to produce the synthetic seismic records and then compare the correspondence between the two and the seismic trace often fails to determine the polarity of the seismic profile.In this paper,the polarity determination of the Sulige gas field was taken as an example and,according to the principle of phase scanning,the forward modeling and formula derivation were conducted. The results show that the phase of the seismic profile and phase correction quantities are opposite.In the actual data analysis,the phase correction can be obtained by using the phase scanning to compare the well impedance and the relative impedance of the seismic traces nearby the borehole,and then the phase of the actual seismic profile can be obtained to determine the polarity of the seismic profile.The method is intuitive and has good operation and popularization in practical application.

关 键 词：地震剖面极性 地震剖面相位 相位校正量 相位扫描 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]