叶片数量对苹果砧木崂山柰子扦插嫩枝新稍与新生根发育的影响  

Effect of Leaf Number on Development of New Treetops and Roots of Rootstock Cuttage of Malus asiatica Nakai

作　　者：葛红娟[1,2] 兰岚 展恩军 孙吉禄 沙广利[1] 张世忠[2] Ge Hongjuan 1,2 , Lan Lan 3, Zhan Enjun 1, Sun Jilu 1, Sha Guangli 1, Zhang Shizhong 2(1. Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China;2. College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology,Taian 271018, China; 3. Qingdao Agricultural Committee, Qingdao 266100, Chin)

机构地区：[1]青岛市农业科学研究院,山东青岛266100 [2]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]青岛市农业委员会,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2018年第8期77-80,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代苹果产业技术体系项目(CARS-28)

摘　　要：本研究以崂山柰子一年生新枝为试材,采用扦插技术,探讨不同叶片保留数量对扦插嫩枝新稍生长与新生根发育的影响。结果表明:崂山柰子在嫩枝扦插过程中,新生根的发育先于新稍的生长,新生根的发育从扦插后第10 d开始,新稍发育则从第20 d开始。扦插时保留一叶或二叶对新稍生长影响差异不显著;一叶嫩枝扦插50 d后新生叶片数量为8.6片,高于二叶嫩枝扦插的7.5片;二叶嫩枝扦插的新稍长度与鲜重均高于一叶嫩枝扦插,但两者差异不显著。嫩枝扦插时保留一叶或二叶,新生根的长度、鲜重和数量均随时间的延长而增加,粗度则有降低趋势,其中粗度与鲜重在扦插20 d时差异达到极显著水平;二叶嫩枝扦插50 d后根数量达39根,长度达到104.1 mm,粗度为0.9 mm,均大于一叶嫩枝扦插;二叶嫩枝扦插时,根鲜重、根系活力与一叶扦插相比略低。In this study,the annual treetops collected from Malus asiatica Nakai in Laoshan were used as the testing materials with the cuttage technique to explore the relevant effects of different photosynthetic products on the growth and development of new treetops and roots.The results showed that the new root＇s growth was easier than that of the new treetops in the process of cuttage of Malus asiatica Nakai.The development of new roots began at the 10th day after cuttage and was 10 days ahead of the new treetop＇s growth.There was no significant difference in the growth of new leaves when holding one leaf and two leaves in cutting.After cutting for 50 days,the number of new leaves with cuttage of one leaf was 8.6,which was higher than that of the two leaves with the number as 7.5.However,the length and the fresh weight of new treetops with cuttage of two leaves were higher than that of one leaf,but the difference was not significant.With time going on,the length,fresh weight and number of new roots increased when retaining one or two leaves,but the diameter ofroot decreased.After cuttage for 20 days,the differences between the diameter and fresh weight of new root reached the most significant level.The number of roots with cuttage of two leaves was 39 after 50 days,its length was 104.1 mm and its thickness was 0.9 mm,which were all more than those of one leaf.When cuttage with the shoots with two leaves,the fresh weight and activity of root were a bit lower than that of one leaf,but difference was not significant.

关 键 词：苹果 崂山柰子 嫩枝 扦插 叶片数量 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]