基于空间结构的杉木树冠生长可视化模拟  

Visual Simulation of Chinese Fir Crown Growth Based on Spatial Structure

作　　者：马载阳 张怀清[1] 李永亮[1] 杨廷栋 陈中良 李思佳 MA Zai-yang;ZHANG Huai-qing;LI Yong-liang;YANG Ting-dong;CHEN Zhong-liang;LI Si-jia(Research Institute of Forest Resource Infon~mtion Techniques,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Huangfengqiao State-owned Forest Farm,Zhuzhou 412307,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京100091 [2]湖南省攸县黄丰桥国有林场,湖南株洲412307

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2018年第4期150-157,共8页Forest Research

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2017SZ005);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0600905)

摘　　要：[目的]定量研究杉木林分中不同空间结构对林木冠形生长变化的影响,实现基于空间结构的杉木树冠生长可视化模拟。[方法]以湖南省攸县黄丰桥国有林场为试验区,在林分中选择并划分空间结构单元,进行冠形和空间结构数据调查,将林木东南西北4个方向的活枝下高、冠高、冠幅作为林木冠形描述因子,将周围木影响距离、相对树高定义为水平空间结构参数Ph和垂直空间结构参数Pv,使用多元逐步回归的分析方法,分析冠形描述因子与年龄、水平、垂直空间结构参数的关系,建立不同空间结构下杉木冠形的生长变化模型。基于B样条曲线模拟杉木冠形,构建不同生长阶段的三维杉木模型,结合三维动态渲染技术,实现杉木树冠生长的可视化模拟。[结果]通过对年龄和水平、垂直空间结构参数的逐步回归分析,结果表明:林木活枝下高、冠高和年龄、垂直空间结构参数呈现显著相关关系,模型决定系数R^2分别为0.754和0.813;林木各向冠幅和年龄、水平空间结构参数呈现极显著相关关系,模型决定系数R^2为0.623。基于杉木树冠生长模型和三维动态渲染技术,实现了树冠在东南西北不同方向的生长可视化。[结论]通过划分空间结构单元的方法选择研究目标并进行数据调查,使用逐步回归的方法,分析杉木冠形数据和年龄与空间结构数据的关系,建立树冠各方向活枝下高、冠高、冠幅的生长模型,结合三维动态渲染技术,使用MOGRE三维渲染引擎作为工具,实现了基于空间结构的杉木树冠生长可视化模拟。[ Objective ] To quantitatively study the influences of spatial structme on the crown growth of Chinese fir （Cunninghamia lanceolata） in order to realize the visual simulation of Chinese fir crown growth based on spatial structure. [ Method ] Selecting Huangfengqiao State-owned Forest Farm in HuMan Province as a trial plot, the data of crown shape and spatial structure were investigated after different spatial structure units were selected and divided in stand. The under living branch height, crown height and crown width in four cardinal directions were defined as crown shape description factors. Meanwhile, the affecting distance and relative tree height of surrounding trees were defined as horizontal spatial structure parameter and vertical spatial structure parameter. The stepwise regression a- nalysis method was used to analyze the relationships among crown description factors, age, horizontal and vertical spatial structure parameters. As a result, the models of Chinese fir crown growth with different spatial structurs were established. According to the fitting method of B-spline curve, the crown shape of Chinese fir was simulated, and 3D Chinese fir tree models in different growth stages were built. Based on the 3D dynamic rendering technolo-gy, the visual simulation of Chinese fir crown growth progress was ralized. [ Result] With the stepwise regression analysis on the variable of age, the horizontal and vertical spatial structure parameters, the results shows that thare significant correlations between under living branch height and variables of age and vertical spatial structure pa- rameter. Also, thera significant correlations between crown height and variables of age and vertical spatial struc- ture parameter. Coefficients of determination （R2） of both under living branch height model and crown height growth model are 0. 754 and 0. 813. It shows extremely significant correlations between crown width and variables of age and horizontal spatial structure parameter. And the R2 is 0. 623. Based on th

关 键 词：空间结构 冠形 三维动态渲染 生长可视化 

分 类 号：S758[农业科学—森林经理学]