硅肥在杂交水稻上的肥效研究  

Effect of the Silicon Fertilizer Application to Hybrid Rice

作　　者：蔡德龙[1] 李继明 周敬波 

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院地理研究所,河南郑州450052 [2]河南省土壤肥料站,河南郑州450002 [3]河南省罗山县农技中心,河南罗山464200

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2002年第3期75-77,共3页Areal Research and Development

摘　　要：水稻是喜硅作物 ,许多国家把硅称为水稻的第四大营养元素。通过在北亚热带地区河南省信阳地区潴育性水稻土上试验表明 ,在杂交水稻上施用硅肥 ,不仅可改善水稻的株高、有效穗数、穗粒数、实粒数、千粒重等生物学性状 ,而且施用硅肥还可增强杂交水稻抗旱、抗病虫害能力 ,从而提高稻谷产量 19.8%～ 2 4.7%。同时 ,硅肥的施用能够使杂交水稻提早成熟。试验结果表明 ,在杂交水稻上 ,硅肥与氮磷肥配合施用比单独施用硅肥的增产效果和经济效益好 ,少量分次施用比一次性底施效果好。Paddy rice is a siliconphile, and the silicon is regarded as the fourth most significant nutritious element in many countries. Hybrid rice is planted vastly in our country and the output of it is very large and the absorption of available silicon dioxide from the soil by the hybrid rice is big in quantity. This article conducted the experimental study on the paddy soil distributed in the northern subtropical zone in Xinyang of Henan province and reached the conclusion that the application of the silicon fertilizer on the hybrid rice not only could improve the height of the stem of paddy rice plant, its effective stachys, the grain per stachys, actual grain and the weight of kilograin and some other biological features, but also can enhance the power of drought-resistant and disease-resistant, and so can raise the paddy rice output by 19.8%～24.7%. The study showed that the application of the silicon fertilizer only are not as good as mixed application of the silicon fertilizer with the N-P fertilizer, application of the silicon fertilizer at one stroke is not as good as the application by several times and each time a small amount.

关 键 词：硅肥 杂交水稻 肥效 潴育性水稻土 株高 抗病虫害能力 有效穗数 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S143.79