适用于高速铁路地震预警系统的列车无线指纹定位方法  

Wireless Fingerprint Positioning Method for Train in Earthquake Early Warning System of High Speed Railway

作　　者：王开锋[1,2,3] 张琦 李辉[2,3] 高莺 陈宁宁[1,2,3] WANG Kaifeng;ZHANG Qi;LI Hui;GAO Ying;CHEN Ningning(Postgraduate Department,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Signal and Communication Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;National Research Center of Railway Intelligence Transportation System Engineering Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院研究生部,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院通信信号研究所,北京100081 [3]国家铁路智能运输系统工程技术研究中心,北京100081

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2018年第4期131-138,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金资助项目(U1534202)

摘　　要：为满足高速铁路地震预警系统列车实时定位的需求,提出1种列车无线指纹定位方法。首先,使用高速列车采集铁路沿线无线通信系统接收电平、定时提前量及公里标等信息,基于无线传播模型将定时提前量映射为无线电波传播损耗,进而生成无线指纹并建立其数据库;然后,根据列车运行轨迹特征动态划分信号空间,限定无线指纹搜索范围,建立统一量纲的无线指纹相似度计算模型;最后,使用加权k-近邻算法在无线指纹数据库中搜索与待定位列车相匹配的无线指纹,计算列车的位置。在高速综合检测列车安装测试设备,分析检验列车无线指纹定位得出的位置与实际位置的差值,结果表明列车平均定位误差为82m,可满足高速铁路地震预警系统的需求。In order to meet the demand for the real-time positioning of train in the earthquake early warning system of high speed railway,a wireless fingerprint positioning method for train was proposed.Firstly,G-series high-speed trains were used to collect information along the railway line,such as the received levels,timing advance of wireless communication system and kilometer posts.Based on the wireless propagation model,the timing advance was mapped to the propagation loss of radio waves,wireless fingerprints were generated and a database was established.Then,the signal space was dynamically divided according to the characteristics of train running path.The search range of wireless fingerprint was limited and a unified dimension similarity calculation model for wireless fingerprint was established.Finally,the weighted k-nearest neighbor algorithm was used to search for the wireless fingerprint matching with the train to be located in the wireless fingerprint database,and the location of the train was calculated.Testing equipment was installed on high-speed comprehensive inspection train to analyze the difference between the position obtained by wireless fingerprint positioning and the actual position of the train.Results show that the average positioning error of the train is 82 m,which can meet the demand of high-speed railway earthquake early warning system.

关 键 词：地震预警 指纹定位 K-近邻算法 GSM-R 高速铁路 

分 类 号：U211.9[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]