青春期子宫内膜异位症的发病特点研究进展  

Research Process of the Characteristics of Adolescent Endometriosis

作　　者：黎星淼 江秀秀[1] LI Xing-miao;JIANG Xiu-xiu(Women＇s Hospital,School of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院,杭州310006

出　　处：《国际妇产科学杂志》2018年第4期317-321,共5页Journal of International Obstetrics and Gynecology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LY17H040003)

摘　　要：青春期子宫内膜异位症(EMs)是EMs的一种特殊类型,与育龄期妇女相似,可引起痛经、慢性盆腔痛、不孕等症状。该病发病原因不明确,发病机制复杂多样,目前学说认为与经血逆流、遗传、血源播散等因素相关。其中逆流经血中包含子宫内膜样干细胞的观点近年来引发热议,即子宫内膜样干细胞通过经血逆流入腹腔,发生异位种植、侵袭、生长,从而导致EMs。目前诊断EMs的金标准为腹腔镜手术及病理检查,但由于发病时间早,且易于复发,是妇科的一个棘手问题。综述青春期EMs的流行病学资料、发病机制、相关高危因素及临床特点,继续深入研究有助于加强对青春期EMs的预防,做到早诊断,早治疗,减少日后EMs并发症的发生。Adolescent endometriosis is a special type of endometriosis,which can cause dysmenorrhea,chronic pelvic pain,infertility and other symptoms. The etiology is still unknown,and the pathogenesis is complex. The current theory include retrograde menstrual blood,genetics,blood transmission and other factors. Among them,endometrial stem cells contained in retrograde menstrual blood have caused heated discussion in recent years. That is, the endometrial stem cells reversely flow into the abdominal cavity through menstrual blood,which caused ectopically planted,invaded,grew and resulted in diseases.However, the gold standard for diagnosis of adolescent endometriosis is laparoscopic surgery and pathological examination.Because of the disease start at an early-onset time, and is easy to relapse,it is still a thorny problem in gynecology. This review focus on the epidemiological data, pathogenesis, related risk factors and clinical characteristics of adolescent endometriosis.Further study of the adolescent endometriosis may enhance the prevention and encourage the early diagnosis and early treatment,which reduce the occurrence of endometriosis complications in the future days.

关 键 词：青春期 子宫内膜异位症 流行病学研究 发病机制 危险因素 临床特点 

分 类 号：R711.71[医药卫生—妇产科学]